In the industrial era, the most important potential threat to crop production is abiotic stress, including toxic metal/metalloid stress. Growing populations and rapid industrialization lead to the generation and release of huge amounts of toxic metals/metalloids into the environment, altering plant physiological processes and reducing yields. In the last few decades, there has been extensive research to elucidate the mechanisms of tolerance to metal/metalloid toxicity and ways to improve the defense system in plants. Use of exogenous photoprotectants such as osmoprotectants, plant nutrients, phytohormones, signaling molecules, antioxidants, amino acids and organic acids are widely being used to improve plants' tolerance to metal/metalloid stress. Recently, phytoremediation approaches have been effectively employed to remediate metal/metalloid pollution. This book presents the latest insights intoplant responses and tolerance in plants grown under metal/metalloids stress to provide a better understanding of the topic and the future outlook.

Chapter 1: Recent Advances in Metal Induced Stress Tolerance in Plants: Possibilities and Challenges.- Chapter 2: Physiological, Biochemical Changes, and Phytotoxicity Remediation in Agricultural Plant Species Cultivated in Soils Contaminated with Copper and Zinc.- Chapter 3: Heavy Metal Toxicity and Antioxidative Response In Plants: An Overview.- Chapter 4: Mechanism of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in plants exposed to metal/metalloids.- Chapter 5: Antioxidant Defense System in Plants Exposed to Metal Toxicity.- Chapter 6: Stress Signaling under metal and Metalloid Toxicity.- Chapter 7: Metal Accumulation in Estuarine Plants: Investigating the Effect on the Levels of Non-Protein Thiols in Roots of Different Salt Marsh Plants.- Chapter 8: Role of Compatible Solutes in Enhancing Antioxidative Defense in Plants Exposed to Metal Toxicity.- Chapter 9: Role of Polyamines in Mediating Antioxidant Defense and Epigenetic Regulation in Plants Exposed to Heavy Metal Toxicity.- Chapter 10: Phytoremediation of Metal And Metalloids From Contaminated Soil.- Chapter 11: Heavy Metal Hyperaccumulation and Hypertolerance in Brassicaceae.- Chapter 12: Phytoremediation in Waste Management: Hyper accumulation Diversity and Techniques.- Chapter 13: Role of Micro-Organisms in Modulating Antioxidant Defence in Plants Exposed to Metal Toxicity.- Chapter 14: Symbiotic Microorganisms Enhance Antioxidant Defense in Plants Exposed to Metal/Metalloid-Contaminated Soils.- Chapter 15: Cadmium Hyperaccumulation by Brassica species application in Remediation.- Chapter 16: Mitigating cadmium toxicity in plants by phytohormones.- Chapter 17: Use of fungi in mitigating cadmium toxicity in plants.- Chapter 18: Molecular Approaches in Enhancing Metal/Metalloid-induced Oxidative Stress Tolerance.- Chapter 19: Future Tools for The Development of Metal/Metalloid-induced Oxidative Stress Tolerance.