One: Introduction to Mandated Science.- Identifying Mandated Science.- The Character of Mandated Science.- The Approach to be Taken in the Study of Mandated Science.- Standard Setting: A Case Study of Mandated Science.- The Design of the Study.- Specific Methodological Decisions.- The Organization of the Book.- Two: An Introduction to Standards.- The Features of Standards.- Confusions in Terminology.- The Data Problem in Standard Setting.- The Debates about Standards.- Standard Setting as an Example of Mandated Science.- Three: In the Eye of the StormCase Study One: The American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists.- The Early History.- The Active Phase.- The Transition Period.- ACGIH Today.- Membership of the TLV Committee.- Standard Setting in ACGIH.- ACGIH Standards.- Controversies about Standards.- The Status of ACGIH Standards.- The Use of ACGIH Standards.- Discussion.- Four: Alphabet SoupCase Study Two: The Codex Committee on Pesticide Residues.- The Codex Alimentarius.- The Codex Committee on Pesticide Residues (CCPR).- The Joint Management Committee on Pesticide Residues.- The Three Organizations.- The Standards.- The Status of Codex Standards.- Discussion.- Five: Political ChemicalsCase Study Three: The Toronto Lead Controversy.- Background Information.- Standards in the Toronto Lead Controversy.- The Toronto Lead Controversy (1) - Early History.- The Toronto Lead Controversy (2) - the Case Goes to Court.- The Toronto Lead Controversy (3) - Words Become Dangerous.- The Toronto Lead Controversy (4) - Studying the Problem.- The Toronto Lead Controversy (5) - The Hearing Acts as a Court.- Discussion.- Six: An Economic PoisonCase Study Four: Pentachlorophenol.- Sorne Background Information.- The Standards.- History of the Controversy.-Discussion.- Seven: Standards Revisited.- The Characteristics of Standards.- The Character of Standard Setting: The Two Organizations.- The Character of Standard Setting: The Two Controversies.- Standards and the Debate about Regulation.- The Debate about Standards: Prescriptive versus Performance Standards.- Standards and Mandated Science.- Eight: Mandated Science.- The Character of Mandated Science.- Questions Arising from the Study of Mandated Science.- The Debates in Mandated Science.- Conclusions from the Study of Mandated Science.- Notes.