Morning Hours is the only available English translation of Morgenstunden by Moses Mendelssohn, the foremost Jewish thinker of the German Enlightenment.  Published six months before Mendelssohn's death on January 4, 1786, Morning Hours is the most sustained presentation of his mature epistemological and metaphysical views, all elaborated in the service of presenting his son with proofs for the existence of God.  But Morning Hours is much more than a theoretical treatise.  It also plays a central role in the drama of the Pantheismusstreit, Mendelssohn's "dispute" with F. H. Jacobi over the nature and scope of Lessing's attitude toward Spinoza and "pantheism".  In Morning Hours Mendelssohn attempts to set the record straight regarding his beloved Lessing in this connection, not least by demonstrating the absence of any practical difference between theism and a "purified pantheism".

First Part.- Preliminary report.- Preliminary Knowledge of Truth, Semblance, and Error.- I.  What is truth?- II.  Cause - Effect - Ground - Force.- III.  Evidence - Of immediate Knowledge.  Rational Knowledge - Knowledge of Nature.- IV.  Truth and Illusion.- V.  Existence - Being Awake - Dreams - Rapture.- VI.  Combination of Ideas - Idealism.- VII.  Continuation.  The Idealist's Dispute with the Dualist.  Truth-Drive and Approval- Drive. - Second Part.- Scientific Doctrinal Concepts of God's Existence.- VIII.  Importance of the Investigation.  On Basedow's Principle of the Duty to Believe.-      Axiomata.- IX.  The evidence of the pure and the applied doctrine of magnitudes. Comparison with the evidence for the proofs of God's existence.  Different methods of those proofs.- X.  Allegorical Dream. - Reason and Common Sense.- XI.  Epicureanism. - Accident. - Chance.  A Series of Causes and Effects, without End, without Beginning.  Progression into Infinity, Forwards and Backwards. - The  Timeless, without Beginning, without End and without Progression.- XII.  Sufficient Reason for the Contingent in the Necessary. - The former is somewhere and sometimes, the latter is everywhere and all times. - The former is only in   relation to space and time; the latter is unqualifiedly the best and most perfect. Everything that is, is best.  -  All God's thoughts, insofar as they have the best as   their subject, attain actuality.- XIII.  Spinozism. - Pantheism. - All is One and One is All. - Refutation.- XIV.  Continued dispute with the pantheists.  -  Approximation.  -  Point of unison with them.  -  Innocuousness of the purified patheism. -  Compatibility with religion and ethics insofar as they are practical.- XV.  Lessing. - His Contribution to the Religion of Reason. - His Thoughts on Purified Pantheism.- XVI.  Elucidation of the concepts ofnecessity, contingency, independence, and dependence.  -  Attempt at a new proof for the existence of God on the basis of the incompleteness of self-knowledge.- XVII.  The a priori Grounds of Proof of the Existence of a supremely perfect, necessary, independent Being.