Nanotechnology is the creation and utilization of materials, devices and systems by control of matter on nano scale. Given the inherent nanoscale functions of biological components of living cells, it was inevitable that nanotechnology would be applied to life sciences. Such applications give rise to the term nanobiotechnology. Technical achievements in nanotechnology are being applied to improve drug delivery. Albumin nanoparticles have been shown efficacy as biodegradable carrier, which can incorporate variety of drugs in relatively non-specific fashion. Protein nanoparticles, due to the presence of charged group, can also be used as matrix. When the drug is encapsulated by the nanoparticles, the product are called nanocapsules, if the medicine is uniformly coated on the exterior of the nanoparticle then is called nanosphere. Simple coacervation was used for manufacturing BSA nanoparticles as a colloidal drug delivery system in this book and the essential parameters were considered. The objective of the present study is the optimization for the preparation of BSA-based nanoparticles by the Taguchi method which show a controllable particle diameter under 100nm.