Plants are prone to two types of stresses namely biotic and abiotic stresses. Among abiotic stresses, environmental stresses viz. drought, high salinity and low temperature are important which cause adverse effects on the growth and development of plants. Abiotic environmental stresses are the important factors responsible for low productivity of crops. DREB1A gene has been shown mainly to resist the effect of low temperature whereas DREB2A gene has been found to resist the effect of drought in plants. Therefore, present work on DREB1A and DREB2A genes is a key and fundamental work for improvement in agricultural productivity and to reveal the responsive mechanism of plants to adverse environmental stresses and enhances the ability of crops to tolerate abiotic stresses. The present work is directly related to fulfil the food needs for increasing population Globally. In this monograph, we have discussed about the primer designing in general and specifically for DREB1A and DREB2A genes, an approach to know whether a plant is drought resistant and/or low temperature resistant.