The importance of the book: The developments of computationally efficient techniques and algorithms that can satisfy the requirements of GPS networking (large networks, logistics, etc) are lagging behind the developments in the GPS technology and in the reduction of observing times. Therefore, the need for an effective computer based heuristic optimization techniques for GPS surveying is extremely necessary. The main purpose of this book is to model the components of the fieldwork using heuristics, within the field of artificial Intelligence, in order to determine the best GPS network design based on geometrical and cost restrictions. These heuristics, which have been researched, designed, developed, implemented and analysed theoretically and empirically, are the most recent and powerful development techniques applicable to a wide range of important problems which occur in a variety of disciplines, such as, statistics, engineering, mathematical programming and operational research, etc.