Road transportation contaminates the environment with the release of exhaust emissions. Transport volumes as well as the proportion of the road transportation sector are constantly rising, which intensifies environmental impacts. In order to determine the main culprits of pollution, Environmental Impact Analyses are used. The main purpose of this book is to present an analysis in order to investigate the environmental impacts of road transportation along a certain supply chain. An academic resource was used as database, in order to develop and test an exhaust emission calculation model in cooperation with a case company. Besides CO2, this assessment also focuses on the measurement of other exhaust emissions (Nox, PM or CO). Furthermore, economic factors like costs caused per transport are calculated. Aspects, like capacity utilization, the use of environmentally friendly tires or eco-friendly driving styles, are included in the analysis. A validation test and interviews prove the applicability and practicability of the here developed Enviornmental Impact Analysis.