This book contains papers presented at the fifth and sixth Teraflop Workshop. It presents the state-of-the-art in high performance computing and simulation on modern supercomputer architectures. It covers trends in hardware and software development in general and specifically the future of vector-based systems and heterogeneous architectures. It covers computational fluid dynamics, fluid-structure interaction, physics, chemistry, astrophysics, and climate research.

"The book presents the state-of-the-art in high performance computing and simulation on modern supercomputer architectures. It covers trends in hardware and software development in general and specifically the future of vector-based systems and heterogeneous architectures. The application contributions cover computational fluid dynamics, fluid-structure interaction, physics, chemistry, astrophysics, and climate research. Innovative fields like coupled multi-physics or multi-scale simulations are presented. All papers were chosen from presentations given at the fifth Teraflop Workshop held in November 2006 at Tohoku University, Japan, and the sixth Teraflop Workshop held in March 2007 at the Stuttgart High Performance Computing Center (HLRS), Germany."

Geophysics and Climate Simulations.- Sustained Performance of 10+ Teraflop/s in Simulation on Seismic Waves Using 507 Nodes of the Earth Simulator.- Cloud-Resolving Simulation of Tropical Cyclones.- OPA9 - French Experiments on the Earth Simulator and Teraflop Workbench Tunings.- TERAFLOP Computing and Ensemble Climate Model Simulations.- Computational Fluid Dynamics.- Current Capability of Unstructured-Grid CFD and a Consideration for the Next Step.- Smart Suction - an Advanced Concept for Laminar Flow Control of Three-Dimensional Boundary Layers.- Supercomputing of Flows with Complex Physics and the Future Progress.- Large-Scale Computations of Flow Around a Circular Cylinder.- Performance Assessment and Parallelisation Issues of the CFD Code NSMB.- Multiphysics Computational Fluid Dynamics.- High Performance Computing Towards Silent Flows.- Fluid-Structure Interaction: Simulation of a Tidal Current Turbine.- Coupled Problems in Computational Modeling of the Respiratory System.- FSI Simulations on Vector Systems - Development of a Linear Iterative Solver (BLIS).- Chemistry and Astrophysics.- Simulations of Premixed Swirling Flames Using a Hybrid Finite-Volume/Transported PDF Approach.- Supernova Simulations with the Radiation Hydrodynamics Code PROMETHEUS/VERTEX.- Material Science.- Green Chemistry from Supercomputers: Car-Parrinello Simulations of Emim-Chloroaluminates Ionic Liquids.- Micromagnetic Simulations of Magnetic Recording Media.- Future High Performance Systems.- The Potential of On-Chip Memory Systems for Future Vector Architectures.- The Road to TSUBAME and Beyond.