This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-proceedings of the 7th International Conference on High Performance Computing for Computational Science, VECPAR 2006, held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in June 2006. The 44 revised full papers presented together with one invited paper and 12 revised workshop papers cover Grid computing, cluster computing, numerical methods, large-scale simulations in Physics, and computing in Biosciences.

1: Grid Computing.- An Opportunistic Algorithm for Scheduling Workflows on Grids.- A Service Oriented System for on Demand Dynamic Structural Analysis over Computational Grids.- Scalable Desktop Grid System.- Analyzing Overheads and Scalability Characteristics of OpenMP Applications.- Parallel Fuzzy c-Means Cluster Analysis.- Peer-to-Peer Models for Resource Discovery in Large-Scale Grids: A Scalable Architecture.- 2: Cluster Computing.- JaceV: A Programming and Execution Environment for Asynchronous Iterative Computations on Volatile Nodes.- Aspect Oriented Pluggable Support for Parallel Computing.- Model for Simulation of Heterogeneous High-Performance Computing Environments.- On Evaluating Decentralized Parallel I/O Scheduling Strategies for Parallel File Systems.- Distributed Security Constrained Optimal Power Flow Integrated to a DSM Based Energy Management System for Real Time Power Systems Security Control.- Metaserver Locality and Scalability in a Distributed NFS.- Top-k Query Processing in the APPA P2P System.- Posterior Task Scheduling Algorithms for Heterogeneous Computing Systems.- Design and Implementation of an Environment for Component-Based Parallel Programming.- Anahy: A Programming Environment for Cluster Computing.- DWMiner: A Tool for Mining Frequent Item Sets Efficiently in Data Warehouses.- A Parallel Implementation of the K Nearest Neighbours Classifier in Three Levels: Threads, MPI Processes and the Grid.- On the Use of the MMC Language to Utilize SIMD Instruction Set.- A Versatile Pipelined Hardware Implementation for Encryption and Decryption Using Advanced Encryption Standard.- 3: Numerical Methods.- Combinatorial Scientific Computing: The Enabling Power of Discrete Algorithms in Computational Science.- Improving the Numerical Simulation of anAirflow Problem with the BlockCGSI Algorithm.- EdgePack: A Parallel Vertex and Node Reordering Package for Optimizing Edge-Based Computations in Unstructured Grids.- Parallel Processing of Matrix Multiplication in a CPU and GPU Heterogeneous Environment.- Robust Two-Level Lower-Order Preconditioners for a Higher-Order Stokes Discretization with Highly Discontinuous Viscosities.- The Impact of Parallel Programming Models on the Performance of Iterative Linear Solvers for Finite Element Applications.- Efficient Parallel Algorithm for Constructing a Unit Triangular Matrix with Prescribed Singular Values.- A Rewriting System for the Vectorization of Signal Transforms.- High Order Fourier-Spectral Solutions to Self Adjoint Elliptic Equations.- Multiresolution Simulations Using Particles.- Evaluation of Several Variants of Explicitly Restarted Lanczos Eigensolvers and Their Parallel Implementations.- PyACTS: A High-Level Framework for Fast Development of High Performance Applications.- Sequential and Parallel Resolution of the Two-Group Transient Neutron Diffusion Equation Using Second-Degree Iterative Methods.- Enhancing the Performance of Multigrid Smoothers in Simultaneous Multithreading Architectures.- Block Iterative Algorithms for the Solution of Parabolic Optimal Control Problems.- Evaluation of Linear Solvers for Astrophysics Transfer Problems.- 4: Large Scale Simulations in Physics.- Scalable Cosmological Simulations on Parallel Machines.- Performance Evaluation of Scientific Applications on Modern Parallel Vector Systems.- Numerical Simulation of Three-Phase Flow in Heterogeneous Porous Media.- Simulation of Laser Propagation in a Plasma with a Frequency Wave Equation.- A Particle Gradient Evolutionary Algorithm Based on Statistical Mechanics and Convergence Analysis.- 5: Computing in Biosciences.- A Computational Framework for Cardiac Modeling Based on Distributed Computing and Web Applications.- Triangular Clique Based Multilevel Approaches to Identify Protein Functional Modules.- BioPortal: A Portal for Deployment of Bioinformatics Applications on Cluster and Grid Environments.- Workshop 1: Computational Grids and Clusters.- Adaptive Distributed Metamodeling.- Distributed General Logging Architecture for Grid Environments.- Interoperability Between UNICORE and ITBL.- Using Failure Injection Mechanisms to Experiment and Evaluate a Grid Failure Detector.- Semantic-Based Service Trading: Application to Linear Algebra.- Management of Services Based on a Semantic Description Within the GRID-TLSE Project.- Extending the Services and Sites of Production Grids by the Support of Advanced Portals.- Workshop 2: High-Performance Data Management in Grid Environments.- PSO-Grid Data Replication Service.- Execution Management of Scientific Models on Computational Grids.- Replica Refresh Strategies in a Database Cluster.- A Practical Evaluation of a Data Consistency Protocol for Efficient Visualization in Grid Applications.- Experiencing Data Grids.