Since the introduction of vitrectomy in the 1970s, vitreoretinal surgery has rapidly developed. Initially, new instrumentations were created to facilitate intraocular maneuvers and to treat almost all the vitreoretinal pathologies. High speed vitrectome probs, forceps, scissors, endolaser probes, and new light sources (xenon/photon light) permit us to perform safer surgeries.

"Since the introduction of vitrectomy in the 1970s, vitreoretinal surgery has rapidly developed. Initially, new instrumentations were created to facilitate intraocular maneuvers and to treat almost all the vitreoretinal pathologies. High speed vitrectome probs, forceps, scissors, endolaser probes, and new light sources (xenon/photon light) permit us to perform safer surgeries.

Historical Overview of Microincision Surgery.- 25-Gauge Instrumentation: Engineering Challenges and Tradeoffs.- 25-Gauge, Sutureless, Trans-Conjunctival Vitrectomy.- Transconjunctival 23-Gauge Vitrectomy.- 23-Gauge One-Step Instrumentation.- Small Gauge Vitrectomy: Anesthesia, Incision Technique and Cannula Removal.- Comparison of 25-Gauge Trocar/Cannula Wound Healing and Remodeling with In Vivo Vitrector Flow Analysis.- 25-Gauge Vitreous Surgery: Getting Started.- 25-Gauge Macular Surgery: Principles and Instrumentations.- 25-Gauge Sutureless Vitrectomy for Diabetic Retinopathy.- Small-Gauge Vitrectomy for Retinal Detachment.- Perfluorocarbon-Perfused 25-Gauge Vitrectomy.- Primary 25-Gauge Vitrectomy with Topical Anesthesia for Persistent Vitreous Floaters.- 25-Gauge Vitrectomy in Infectious Endophthalmitis.- 25-Gauge Transconjunctival Sutureless Vitrectomy for Vitreous and Retinal/Choroidal Biopsy.- Uveal Biopsy with 25-Gauge Vitrector: Work in Progress.- The Use of 25-Gauge Vitrectomy Systems in the Management of Trauma.- Small-Gauge Approach in Pediatric Vitreoretinal Surgery.- Combined Phaco/25-Gauge Vitrectomy.- Complications of 25-Gauge Vitrectomy.- A Comparison of 20- vs 25-Gauge Vitrectomy: Does Size Matter?.- 20-Gauge Sutureless Vitrectomy Trocar System.- 20-Gauge Non-Cannulated Sutureless Vitrectomy.- Small-Gauge Vitrectomy: Which Calliper Should We Choose and When?.- Current Clinical Data and Future (for Small-Gauge Vitreoretinal Surgery).- Pearls from Experts.