Von drei weltbekannten Pharmazeuten herausgegeben, widmet sich dieser Band erstmals der "grünen" Chemie im Umfeld der pharmazeutischen Industrie. Dabei geht es um einfache kleine Moleküle genauso wie um komplexe Proteine, um pharmazeutische Grundlagenforschung und um das Schicksal von Wirkstoffen in der Umwelt. Die handliche Monographie enthält zahlreiche bisher nicht publizierte Informationen, dazu überzeugende Fallstudien aus der Industrie (Taxol, Pregabalin, Crestor etc.), die zeigen, inwieweit ein multidisziplinärer Ansatz Effizienz und Umweltfreundlichkeit der Prozesse befördern kann. Ein abschließendes Kapitel befasst sich mit eindrucksvollen Technologien und technischen Hilfsmitteln.

INTRODUCTION TO GREEN CHEMISTRY, ORGANIC SYNTHESIS AND PHARMACEUTICALSThe Development of Organic SynthesisThe Environmental FactorThe Role of CatalysisGreen Chemistry: Benign by DesignIbuprofen ManufactureThe Question of Solvents: Alternative Reaction MediaBiocatalysis: Green Chemistry Meets White BiotechnologyConclusions and ProspectsGREEN CHEMISTRY METRICSIntroductionMeasuring Resource UsageLife Cycle Assessment (LCA)Measuring Chemistry and Process EfficiencyMeasuring Process Parameters and EmissionsReal Time AnalysisOperational EfficiencyMeasuring EnergyMeasuring the Toxicity of All the SubstratesMeasuring Degradation PotentialMeasuring the Inherent Safety of Lack of Inherent SafetyConclusionsSOLVENT USE AND WASTE ISSUESIntroduction to Solvent Use and Waste IssuesSolvent and Process Greenness Scoring and Selection ToolsWaste Minimization and Solvent RecoveryENVIRONMENTAL AND REGULATORY ASPECTSHistorical PerspectivePharmaceuticals in the EnvironmentEnvironmental RegulationsA Look to the FutureSYNTHESIS OF SITAGLIPTIN, THE ACTIVE INGREDIENT IN JANUVIA AND JANUMETIntroductionFirst-Generation RouteSitagliptin through Diastereoselective Hydrogenation of an Enamine. The PGA Enamine-Ester RouteThe Triazole FragmentDirect Preparation of Beta-Keto AmidesSecond-Generation Chiral Auxiliary Route. The PGA Enamine-Amide RoutePrufication and Isolation of Sitagliptin (Pharmaceutical Form)The Final Manufacturing RouteTHE DEVELOPMENT OF SHORT, EFFICIENT, ECONOMIC, AND SUSTAINABLE CHEMOENZYMATIC PROCESSES FOR STATIN SIDE CHAINSIntroduction: BiocatalysisThe Relevance of StatinsBiocatalytic Routes to Statin Side Chains2-Deoxy-D-Ribose 5-Phosphate Aldolase (DERA)-Based Routes to Statin IntermediatesConclusionsTHE TAXOL STORY-DEVELOPMENT OF A GREEN SYNTHESIS VIA PLANT CELL FERMENTATIONIntroductionDiscovery and Early DevelopmentFrom Extraction of Taxol from Pacific Yew Tree Bark to Semi-Synthetic TaxolTaxol from Plant Cell FermentationComparison of Semi-Synthetic versus PCF Taxol Processes: The Environmental ImpactComparison of Semi-Synthetic versus PCF Taxol: Green Chemistry PrinciplesFinal WordsTHE DEVELOPMENT OF A GREEN, ENERGY EFFICIENT, CHEMOENZYMATIC MANUFACTURING PROCESS OF PREGABALINIntroductionProcess Routes to PregabalinBiocatalytic Route to PregabalinGreen Chemistry ConsiderationsConclusionsGREEN PROCESSES FOR PEPTIDE MIMETIC DIABETIC DRUGSIntroductionGreen Chemistry Considerations in Peptide-like API manufacturePurification Process to Manufacture Amorphous APIPreparation of Unnatural Amino AcidsSummaryTHE DEVELOPMENT OF AN ENVIRONMENTALLY SUSTAINABLE PROCESS FOR RADAFAXINEIntroductionChemistry Process and the Dynamic Kinetic Resolution (DKR)Multicolumn Chromatography - Development of Route 4Environmental AssessmentSummaryCONTINUOUS PROCESSING IN THE PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRYIntroductionContinuous Production of a Key Intermediate for AtorvastatinContinuous Process to Prepare CelecoxibContinuous Oxidation of Alcohols to AldehydesContinuous Production of BromonitromethaneContinuous Production and Use of DiazomehtaneA Snapshot of Some Further Continuous Processes Used in the Preparation of Pharmaceutical AgentsConclusionsPREPARATIVE AND INDUSTRIAL SCALE CHROMATOGRAPHY: GREEN AND INTEGRATED PROCESSESIntroductionBasic Principles of ChromatographyProcess Optimization to Reduce Eluent ConsumptionUse of a Green Solvent: Supercritical Carbon DioxideSolvent Recycling TechnologiesApplication ExamplesConclusion: An Environmentally Friendly Solution for Each SeparationDYNAMIC RESOLUTION OF CHIRAL AMINE PHARMACEUTICALS: TURNING WASTE ISOMERS INTO USEFUL PRODUCTBackgroundIntegration of Chiral Amine Resolution and RacemizationCase StudiesConclusionsGREEN TECHNOLOGIES IN THE GENERIC PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRYIntroduction'Waste': Definition and RemedyAmidationSynthesis of GalanthamineSynthesis of SolefinacinSynthesis of LevetiracetamSynthesis of a Finasteride