Guides the reader through the interesting and useful aspects of cyanobacteria metabolism but will keep true to a biotechnology vision.

1 Inorganic carbon assimilation in cyanobacteria: mechanisms, regulation and engineering1.1 Introduction - the need for a carbon-concentrating mechanism1.2 The carbon-concentrating mechanism (CCM) among cyanobacteria1.3 Regulation of Ci assimilation1.4 Engineering the cyanobacterial CCM1.5 Photorespiration1.6 Concluding remarks2 Electron transport inc yanobacteria and its potential in bioproduction2.1. Introduction2.2. Electron transport in a bioenergetic membrane2.3. Respiratory electron transport2.4 The role of electron sinks in photoprotection2.5 Regulating electron flux into different pathways2.6 Spatial organisation of electron transport complexes2.7 Manipulating electron transport for synthetic biology applications2.8 Future challenges in cyanobacterial electron transport3 Optimizing the spectral fit between cyanobacteria and solar radiation in the light of sustainability applications3.1 Introduction3.2 The molecular basis and efficiency of Oxygenic Photosynthesis3.3 Fit between the spectrum of solar radiation and the action spectrum of photosynthesis3.4 Expansion of the PAR region of Oxygenic Photosynthesis3.5 Modulation and optimization of the transparency of photobioreactors3.6 Full control of the light regime: LEDs inside the PBR3.7 Conclusions and prospects4 What we can learn from measuring metabolic fluxes in cyanobacteria4.1 Central carbon metabolism in cyanobacteria: an overview and renewed pathway knowledge4.2 Methodologies for predicting and quantifying metabolic fluxes in cyanobacteria4.3 Cyanobacteria fluxome in response to altered nutrient modes and environmental conditions4.4 Metabolic fluxes redirected in cyanobacteria for biomanufacturing purposes4.5 Synopsis and future directions5 Synthetic biology in cyanobacteria and applications for biotechnology5.1 Getting genes into cyanobacteria5.2 Basic synthetic control of gene expression in cyanobacteria5.3 Exotic signals for controlling expression5.4 Advanced regulation: the near future5.5 Conclusions6 Sink Engineering in Photosynthetic Microbes6.1 Introduction6.2 Source and Sink6.3 Regulation of Sink Energy in Plants6.4 Engineered pathways as sinks in Photosynthetic Microbes6.5 What are key source/sink regulatory hubs in photosynthetic microbes?6.6 Concluding Remarks7 Design principles for engineering metabolic pathways in cyanobacteria7.1 Introduction7.2 Cofactor optimization7.3 Incorporation of thermodynamic driving force into metabolic pathway design7.4 Development of synthetic pathways for carbon conserving photorespiration and enhanced carbon fixation7.5 Summary and future perspective on cyanobacterial metabolic engineering8 Engineering cyanobacteria for efficient photosynthetic production: ethanol case study8.1 Introduction8.2 Pathway for ethanol synthesis in cyanobacteria8.3 Selection of optimal cyanobacteria ?chassis,? strain for ethanol production8.4 Metabolic engineering strategies toward more efficient and stable ethanol production8.5 Exploring the response in cyanobacteria to ethanol8.6 Metabolic engineering strategies to facilitate robust cultivation against biocontaminants8.7 Conclusions and Perspectives9 Engineering cyanobacteria as host organisms for production of terpenes and terpenoids9.1 Terpenoids and industrial applications9.2 Terpenoid biosynthesis in cyanobacteria9.3 Natural occurrence and physiological roles of terpenes and terpenoids in cyanobacteria9.4 Engineering cyanobacteria for terpenoid production9.5 Summary and outlook10 Cyanobacterial biopolymers10.1 Polyhydroxybutryate10.2. Cyanophycin granules in cyanobacteria11 Biosynthesis of fatty acid derivatives by cyanobacteria: from basics to biofuel production11.1 Introduction11.2 Overview of fatty acid metabolism11.3 Basic technologies for production of free fatty acids11.4 Advanced technologies for enhancement of free fatty acid production11.5 Hydrocarbon production in cyanobacteria11.6 Advanced technologies for enhancement of hydrocarbon production11.7 Basic technologies for production of fatty alcohols11.8 Advanced technologies for enhancement of fatty alcohol production11.9 Basic technologies for production of fatty acid alkyl esters11.10 Perspectives12 Product export in cyanobacteria12.1 Introduction12.2 Secretion mediated by membrane-embedded systems12.3. Membrane vesicle-mediated secretion12.4 Concluding remarks13 Harnessing Solar-Powered Oxic N2-fixing Cyanobacteria for the BioNitrogen Economy13.1 Introduction13.2 Physiology and Implications of Oxic Nitrogen Fixation13.3 Major Biotechnology Applications for Diazotrophic Cyanobacteria13.4 Conclusions14 Traits of fast-growing cyanobacteria14.1 Introduction14.2 Why is growth rate significant?14.3 An overview of factors affecting growth rates of cyanobacteria14.4 An overview of the fast-growing model cyanobacteria14.5 Relationship between light usage and growth rate in model strains14.6 Molecular determinants of fast growth of S. elongatus UTEX 297314.7 Carbon fluxes in fast-growing strains determined using metabolic flux analysis (MFA)14.8 Engineering cyanobacteria for fast growth14.9 Conclusion15 Cyanobacterial biofilms in natural and synthetic environments15.1 Motivation15.2 Introduction to biofilms: biology and applications15.3 Cyanobacteria in natural biofilms and microbial mats15.4 Introduction to (Photo-)biotechnology15.5 Benefits of microscale systems for (photo-)biofilm cultivation15.6 Oxygen accumulation and its impacts15.7 Resource management in biofilms15.8 Applications of photosynthetic biofilms15.9 Outlook16 Growth of Photosynthetic Microorganisms in Different Photobioreactors Operated Outdoors16.1 Background16.2 Case studies of Outdoor Cultivations of Photosynthetic Microorganisms6.3 Conclusion