This book is written for anyone who is interested in how a field of research evolves and the fundamental role of understanding uncertainties involved in various stages of the development of a scientific domain. In a nutshell, the uncertainty of scientific knowledge is how much we really know what we think we know. We introduce a series of computational and visual analytic techniques from research areas such as science mapping, text mining, literature-based discovery, and semantic network analysis so that readers can apply these tools to the study of a subject matter of their choice. In addition, we set the diverse set of methods in an integrative context that draws upon insights from philosophical, sociological, and evolutionary theories of what drives the advances of science so that the readers of the book can guide their own research with their enriched theoretical foundations.

Beyond the State of the Art.- Macroscopic Views of Science.- Mesoscopic and Microscopic Views of Science.- Text Mining.- Literature-Based Discovery.- Measuring Scholarly Impact.- Representing Scientific Knowledge.- Visual Exploration of Scientific Literature.-  Visual Observatory of Scientific Knowledge.