This book presents a number of fundamentally challenging perspectives that have been brought to the fore by the national tests on religious education (RE) in Sweden. It particularly focuses on the content under the heading Ethics. It is common knowledge that many teachers find these parts difficult to handle within RE. Further, ethics is a field that addresses a range of moral and existential issues that are not easily treated. Many of these issues may be said to belong to the philosophical context, in which "eternal questions" are gathered and reflected upon.

1. Introduction; Olof Franck.- 2. Varieties of Conceptions of Ethical Competence and the Search for Strategies for Assessment in Ethics Education: A Critical Analysis; Olof Franck.- 3. Critical Thinking in Students' Ethical Reasoning: A Reflection on Some Examples from the Swedish National Tests in Religious Education; Kristoffer Larsson.- 4. Teachers' Experiences of Ethics in Religious Education; Annika Lilja.- 5. Ethical Competences in Pupils' Texts - Existential Understandings and Ethical Insights as Central but Tacit in the Curriculum; Christina Osbeck.- 6. Global Responsibilities and Ethics Education: To Be Assessed and If So How? Karin Sporre.- 7. Differential Item Functioning in the National Tests in Religious Education in Sweden; Johan Tykesson.- 8. Assessment in Ethics Education: Neoliberalism, Values and Alignment; Nigel Fancourt.- 9. The Assessment of Ethics and the Ethics of Assessment; Julian Stern.- 10. Concluding Remarks and Future Directions; Olof Franck.