This volume explores the inadequacies of the two standard conceptions of space or spacetime, substantivalism and relationism, and in the process, proposes a new historical interpretation of these physical theories. This book also examines and develops alternative ontological conceptions of space, and explores additional historical elements of seventeenth century theories and other metaphysical themes.

Introduction.- Part I. Substantivalism and Relationism versus Newton and Leibniz.- A (Contrarian's) Reappraisal of the History and Current State of the Ontology Debate in the Philosophy of Space.- Newton's Neoplatonic Ontology of Space: Substantivalism or Third-Way?.- Leibniz' Ontology of Space: Whither Relationism?.- Motion, Matter, Monads, and their "Forced" Relationship.- Part II. Third-Way Spatial Ontologies: Past and Present.- From Property to Structure: Exploring Contemporary Third-Way Conceptions of the Ontology of Space.- Newton's Immobility Arguments and the Holism of Spatial Ontology.- The 'Space' at the Intersection of Physics, Metaphysics, and Mathematics.- The Multiple Paths towards an Epistemic Structural Realist Spatial Ontology.- Part III. The Deep Metaphysics of Space from the Seventeenth Century to Quantum Gravity.- A New Taxonomy Beyond Substantivalism and Relationism I: Early Modern Spatial Ontologies.- A New Taxonomy Beyond Substantivalism and Relationism II: SomePhilosophical Prehistory of Quantum Gravity.- Epilogue: The Post-Seventeenth Century Evolution of the Standard Dichotomy.- References.