Among the topics covered:

¿Introduction to the Middle East Region.- Substance abuse and addiction history.- theoretical considerations of resilience and resistance activities including adjustment and acculturation.- Drug Use and Addiction.- Current patterns and problems of drug use among the Israeli and Palestinian people.- Model intervention strategies (Middle East/US SAMHSA RADAR Center Development; UCLA Matrix Model; Addiction Severity Index; Project EX; IMAGE' HCV infectious disease prevention, etc.).- Religiosity: preventing drug use among high school students.- School drop outs and drug treatment: an avaluation.- Immigration and acculturaiton: female addicts from the former Soviet Union.- Mental Health and Emergency Conditions: Promoting Human Resources Development.- Resilience in emergency conditions (psychological first aid; caeworkers' needs; intervention strategies for children, parents, and teachers; Internet web site for addressing emergency mental health needs of children, parents, and teachers).- Resilience and response to emergency conditions through psychological first aid (Israeli perspectives; Palestinian perspectives).- Conclusion: Final thoughts on two decades of mental health and addiciton development efforts.