William Bateson brought the work of Mendel (and much more) to the attention of the English-speaking world. He commanded the biological sciences in the decades after Darwin's death in 1882. To understand these years we must first understand Bateson. Through examination of the life of a major contributor to the turn-of-the-nineteenth-century revolution in biology, the authors reconcile the genocentrism of George Williams and Richard Dawkins with the hierarchical thinking of Richard Goldschmidt and Stephen Jay Gould. Aided by Rebecca Saunders, Bateson invented much of the basic terminology of modern genetics and, when addressing Darwin's great problem - the origin of species, introduced the mysterious term "the residue." While the first edition of this work (2008) related "residue" to relative concentrations of bases in DNA, the second edition reveals this as reflecting fundamental differences in short strings of bases. Thus, the book has come to represent not only Bateson's science and life, but also a revised history of the biosciences that is likely to be increasingly visited, both by scientists and by those who wish to fully understand contemporary debates on racial, eugenic and gender aspects of genetics. In a nutshell, the book describes what we, in modern terms, would call a "colossal intelligence failure." Mendel handed it to us "on a plate" in 1865 when Bateson was only 4. It took 35 years to "join the dots" with Bateson a primary joiner. Shrugged off by many 20th century scientists as a freak "blip" in what was really an orderly advance, the Mendel episode was but one of a succession of such "blips." Thus, a multiplicity of post-Mendelian "Mendels" emerge as the story of Bateson's life unfolds.

Abbreviations.- Prologue.- Part I. Genesis of a Geneticist.- 1 A Cambridge Childhood (1861-1882.- 2 From Virginia to the Aral Sea (1883-1889).- 3 Galton.- 4 Variation (1890-1894).- 5 Romanes.- 6 Reorientation and Controversy (1895-1899).- 7 What Life May Be.- Part II. Mendelism.- 8 Rediscovery (1900-1901).- 9 Mendel's Bulldog (1902-1906).- 10 Bateson's Bulldog.- 11 On Course (1907-1908).- 12 Darwin Centenary (1909).- 13 Chromosomes.- Part III. The Innes Years.- 14 Passages (1910-1914).- 15 Eugenics.- 16 War (1915-1919).- 17 My Respectful Homage (1920-1922).- 18 Limits Undetermined (1923-1926).- Part IV. Politics.- 19 Butler.- 20 Pilgrimages.- 21 Kammerer.- 22 Science and Chauvinism.- 23 Degrees for Women.- Part V. Eclipse.- 24 Bashing.- 25 Epilogue.- Part VI. Further Rediscovery.- 26 The Third Base.- 27 Mendel Basics.- 28 Romanes, Bateson, and Darwin's "Weak Point".- 29 Bateson's Residue: Oligonucleotide Disharmony.- Publications of WilliamBateson.- References and Notes.- Acknowledgements.- Index.