This book constitutes the refereed joint proceedings of the Third International Workshop on Interpretability of Machine Intelligence in Medical Image Computing, iMIMIC 2020, the Second International Workshop on Medical Image Learning with Less Labels and Imperfect Data, MIL3ID 2020, and the 5th International Workshop on Large-scale Annotation of Biomedical data and Expert Label Synthesis, LABELS 2020, held in conjunction with the 23rd International Conference on Medical Imaging and Computer-Assisted Intervention, MICCAI 2020, in Lima, Peru, in October 2020.

iMIMIC 2020.- Assessing attribution maps for explaining CNN-based vertebral fracture classifiers.- Projective Latent Interventions for Understanding and Fine-tuning Classifiers.- Interpretable CNN Pruning for Preserving Scale-Covariant Features in Medical Imaging.- Improving the Performance and Explainability of Mammogram Classifiers with Local Annotations.- Improving Interpretability for Computer-aided Diagnosis tools on Whole Slide Imaging with Multiple Instance Learning and Gradient-based Explanations.- Explainable Disease Classification via weakly-supervised segmentation.- Reliable Saliency Maps for Weakly-Supervised Localization of Disease Patterns.- Explainability for regression CNN in fetal head circumference estimation from ultrasound images.- MIL3ID 2020.- Recovering the Imperfect: Cell Segmentation in the Presence of Dynamically Localized Proteins.- Semi-supervised Instance Segmentation with a Learned Shape Prior.- COMe-SEE: Cross-Modality Semantic Embedding Ensemble for Generalized Zero-Shot Diagnosis of Chest Radiographs.- Semi-supervised Machine Learning with MixMatch and Equivalence Classes.- Non-contrast CT Liver Segmentation using CycleGAN Data Augmentation from Contrast Enhanced CT.- Uncertainty Estimation in Medical Image Localization: Towards Robust Anterior Thalamus Targeting for Deep Brain Stimulation.- A Case Study of Transfer of Lesion-Knowledge.- Transfer Learning With Joint Optimization for Label-Efficient Medical Image Anomaly Detection.- Unsupervised Wasserstein Distance Guided Domain Adaptation for 3D Multi-Domain Liver Segmentation.- HydraMix-Net: A Deep Multi-task Semi-supervised Learning Approach for Cell Detection and Classification.- Semi-supervised classification of chest radiographs.- LABELS 2020.- Risk of training diagnostic algorithms on data with demographic bias.- Semi-Weakly Supervised Learning for Prostate Cancer Image Classification with Teacher-Student Deep Convolutional Networks.- Are pathologist-defined labels reproducible? Comparison of the TUPAC16 mitotic figure dataset with an alternative set of labels.- EasierPath: An Open-source Tool for Human-in-the-loop Deep Learning of Renal Pathology.- Imbalance-Effective Active Learning in Nucleus, Lymphocyte and Plasma Cell Detection.- Labeling of Multilingual Breast MRI Reports.- Predicting Scores of Medical Imaging Segmentation Methods with Meta-Learning.- Labelling imaging datasets on the basis of neuroradiology reports: a validation study.- Semi-Supervised Learning for Instrument Detection with a Class Imbalanced Dataset.- Paying Per-label Attention for Multi-label Extraction from Radiology Reports.