This contributed volume discusses the most important aspects of diabetes in 27 selected chapters contributed by experts in the field. Its contents range from essential background information to recent advances, state-of-the-art treatments and in-depth discussions on many of the critical issues involved in diabetes pathophysiology and therapy. Throughout these pages, the most important areas of uncertainties and future directions of research have been outlined, covering a wide range of topics including latent immune diabetes, hypoglycemia, dietary recommendations, gestational diabetes and diabetes treatments, among others.

Preface.- Diabetes: from research to clinical practice.- Glucose lowering treatment modalities of type 2 diabetes mellitus.- Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults: a review of clinically relevant issues.- Hypoglycemia.- Hypoglycemia, Malnutrition and Body Composition.- Acute metabolic emergencies in diabetes: DKA, HHS and EDKA.- The role of the Mediterranean dietary pattern on metabolic control of patients with diabetes mellitus: a narrative review.- Glycaemic control and vascular complications in diabetes mellitus type 2.- Diabetes Mellitus and Acute Myocardial Infarction: impact on short and long-term mortality.- Effects of GLP-1 and Its Analogs on Gastric Physiology in Diabetes Mellitus and Obesity.- GLP-1 Receptor agonists and SGLT2 inhibitors for the treatment of type 2 diabetes: new insights and opportunities for cardiovascular protection.- Glucose Lowering Efficacy and Pleiotropic Effects of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors.- Gestational diabetes mellitus screening and diagnosis.- Management of gestational diabetes mellitus.- From entero-endocrine cell biology to surgical interventional therapies for type 2 diabetes.- Laparoscopic vertical sleeve gastrectomy as a treatment option for adults with diabetes mellitus.- Surgical Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Youth.- Insulin recommender systems for T1DM: a review.- Algorithms for Diagnosis of Diabetic Retinopathy and Diabetic Macula Edema- A Review.- Diabetic macular edema: state of art and intraocular pharmacological approaches.- New Concepts in the Management of Charcot Neuroarthropathy in Diabetes.- Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Diabetes Mellitus.- Global Experience of Diabetes Registries: A Systematic Review.- Diabetes and genetics: a relationship between genetic risk alleles, clinical phenotypes and therapeutic approaches.- Dietary SCFAs immunotherapy: Reshaping the Gut Microbiota in Diabetes.- Animal models and renal biomarkers of diabetic nephropathy.- In vivo and in vitro models of diabetes: a focus on pregnancy.