This book presents the outcomes of the 12th International Workshop on the Algorithmic Foundations of Robotics (WAFR 2016). WAFR is a prestigious, single-track, biennial international meeting devoted to recent advances in algorithmic problems in robotics. Robot algorithms are an important building block of robotic systems and are used to process inputs from users and sensors, perceive and build models of the environment, plan low-level motions and high-level tasks, control robotic actuators, and coordinate actions across multiple systems. However, developing and analyzing these algorithms raises complex challenges, both theoretical and practical. Advances in the algorithmic foundations of robotics have applications to manufacturing, medicine, distributed robotics, human-robot interaction, intelligent prosthetics, computer animation, computational biology, and many other areas.

Multiple Start Branch and Prune Filtering Algorithm for Nonconvex Optimization.- Designing Sparse Reliable Pose-Graph SLAM: A Graph-Theoretic Approach.- Batch Misalignment Calibration of Multiple Three-Axis Sensors.- High-Accuracy Preintegration for Visual-Inertial Navigation.- A Certifiably Correct Algorithm for Synchronization over the Special Euclidean Group.