This updated volume provides a concise guide to the pathogenic, therapeutic, and preventative roles of bacteria in urology. New chapters discussing the involvement of the microbiome in the areas of recurrent kidney stone disease, female urology, and prostate cancer are included. The treatment of urosepsis, stone management, genitourinary malignancy, stone sequencing, and the role of microbiome and virome in urology are also covered.

1. Bacteria in the Genitourinary Tract: The Microbiota and Probiotics.- 2. Overview of Urinary Tract infections.- 3. Pathogenic Mechanisms of Uropathogens.- 4. Urosepsis: Pathogenesis and Treatment.- 5. Struvite Stone Formation by Ureolytic Biofilm Infections.- 6. The Management of Infection Stones.- 7. The use of Probiotic Bacteria to Treat Recurrent Calcium Oxalate Kidney Stone Disease.- 8. Role of Oxalobacter formigenes Colonization in Calcium Oxalate Kidney Stone Disease.- 9. BCG for the Treatment of Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer.- 10. The Microbiome in Female Urology.- 11. The Microbiome in the Prostate: Prostatitis and Prostate Cancer.- 12. Beyond Bacteria: The Mycobiome and Virome in Urology.- 13. Metagenomics and the Microbiome.- 14. Urologic Devices: Infection and Encrustation.- 15. Role of Bacteria in Non-infection Stone Formation.- 16. The role of the intestinal microbiome in oxalate homeostasis.