How does language or culture come to be standardized to the degree that it is considered 'homogeneous'? How does teaching language relate to such standardization processes? How can teaching be mindful of the standardization processes that potentially involve power relations? Focusing on the case of Japanese, which is often viewed as homogenous in terms of language and culture, this volume explores these questions in a wide range of contexts: the notions of translation and modernity, the ideologies of the standardization of regional dialects in Japan, current practices in college Japanese-as-a- Foreign-Language classrooms in the United States, discourses in journals of Japanese language education, and classroom practices in nursery and primary schools in Japan. This volume's investigation of standardization processes of Japanese language and culture addresses the intersections of theoretical and practical concerns of researchers and educators that are often overlooked.

1. Shinji Sato and Neriko Musha Doerr: Introduction 2. Ryuko Kubota: Standardization of Language and Culture 
3. Naoki Sakai: Identity of Language and the Regime of Translation 
4. Neriko Musha Doerr: On the Necessity of "Being Understood": Rethinking the Ideology of Standardization in Japan 
5. Shigeko Okamoto: Rethinking "Norms" for Japanese Women's Speech 
6. Shinji Sato: Constructing and Constructed Japanese: History of Standard Japanese and Practice at a Japanese Preschool 
7. Uichi Kamiyoshi: How Japanese Education for Young People Has Been Discussed: A Critical Analysis from a Relational Viewpoint 
8. Yuko Okubo: A Consideration of the Discourse on Mother Tongue Instruction in Japanese Language Education: A Case Study of the Practices of Japanese Language Classes for Chinese Returnees and Vietnamese Residents 
9. Hazuki Segawa: The Japanese Mind and Thought: Theorization over Patterns of Thought in Post-War Japanese Language Education 
10. Yuri Kumagai: On Learning Japanese Language: Critical Reading of a Japanese Language Textbook 
11. Ryuko Kubota: Critical Teaching of Japanese Culture 
12. Yuri Kumagai: The Process of Standardization of Language and Culture in a Japanese-as-a-Foreign-Language Classroom: Analysis of Teacher-Student Interactions 
13. Neriko Musha Doerr: Conclusion and Departure: Shifting Thinking