With contributions from the top neurovascular centers around the world, this valuable resource explores the remarkable progress made in treating cerebral vasospasm, enhanced by nearly 200 high-quality illustrations. Coverage includes: the role of potassium channels, the use of PET scanning, management with thrombolytic agents, decision analysis in treatment plans, and much more. You will also find the latest information on molecular mechanisms, remodeling and inflammation, experimental endothelium research, and the pathophysiology of vasospasm.

Section I. Molecular Mechanisms of Vasospasm1. Signaling Pathways in Cerebral Vasospasm2. A New Approach to the Mechanism of Smooth Muscle Contraction: Calmodulin Sensor MLC Kinase Mice3. Changes in Vascular Ion Channels After Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage4. Inhibition of Src Tyrosine Kinase Reduces Experimental Cerebral Vasospasm5. Potassium Channels in Experimental Cerebral Vasospasm6. Sphingosine-1-Phosphate-Induced Arterial Contraction and Ca2+ Sensitization7. Potential Role of Potassium Channels in Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor-Induced Vascular Relaxation in Rat Basilar Artery: A Patch-Clamp Study8. The Role of Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels in the Mouse Model of Chronic Cerebral Vasospasm9. Protein Kinase C Isoforms, Rho Kinase and Myosin Light Chain Phosphorylation as Mechanisms of Cerebral Vasospasm After Subarachnoid HemorrhageSection II. Remodeling and Inflammation10. Magnesium in Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: Is It That Simple?11. Pathogenesis of Cerebral Vasospasm: The Role of Cerebral Microcirculatory Changes12. Bilirubin Oxidation Products and Their Possible Role in Subarachnoid Hemorrhage-Induced Cerebral Vasospasm13. Activation of Microglia After Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Rats14. Smooth Muscle Phenotype Change in Canine Basilar Artery After Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage15. Inflammation and Cerebral Vasospasm: New PerspectivesSection III. Experimental-Endothelium16. Pathophysiology of Delayed Vasospasm After SAH: New Hypothesis and Implications for Treatment17. Endothelin B Receptor Null Mutation Prevents Subarachnoid Hemorrhage-Induced Cerebral Vasospasm in the Rat In Vivo18. Experimental SAH Alters Endothelin Receptor Phenotype in Rat Cerebral Arteries19. Endothelial Dysfunction in a Primate Model of Cerebral Vasospasm20. Increased Contractile Effect of Endothelin-1 on Isolated Rat Basilar Artery after Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage21. CSF Levels of ADMA, an Endogenous Inhibitor of Nitric Oxide Synthase, are Associated With Vasospasm After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage22. Monitoring Activation of Cerebral Endothelin System after Subarachnoid Hemorrhage by Measuring C-terminal Fragment in Cerebrospinal Fluid23. Cytokines Produce Apoptosis in Cultured Cerebral Endothelial CellsSection IV. Experimental-Pathophysiology24. Controversial Issues Regarding the Pathophysiology of Vasospasm: A Review25. Cerebral Vasospasm Revisited: SAH Syndrome26. Intravascular Adenoviral Gene Transfection of Monkey Cerebral Arteries Using Micro-Balloon Catheters27. Oxyhemoglobin Potentiation of Thromboxane A2-Induced Contraction of Porcine Basilar Arteries28. Cytosolic Calcium Oscillations Induced by Cisternal Cerebrospinal Fluid from SAH Patients29. Nicotine Exposure Potentiates Vasoconstriction of Canine Basilar Artery via Protein Kinase C Activation and Attenuation of Nitric Oxide Synthesis30. Experimental SAH Upregulates 5-HT1B Receptors in Rat Cerebral Arteries31. What Is the Key Factor Expressed in Human Spastic Arteries After SAH?32. Expression of Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1 in a Rat Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Model33. Interactive Role of Protein Kinase C Isoforms and Rho Kinase in Vasospasm After Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage34. Possible Role of Heme Oxygenase-1 and Ferritin in Cerebral Vasospasm After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage35. Hypothermia Reduces Metabolic Alterations Caused by Acute Vasospasm After SAH in Rats: A Microdialysis and Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy StudySection V. Experimental Treatments36. Prevention of Experimental Cerebral Vasospasm by Intrathecal Delivery of Liposomal Fasudil37. Magnesium and Cerebral Vasospasm38. Phosphodiesterase III Inhibitor for the Treatment of Chronic Cerebral Vasospasm in DogsSection VI. Clinical-Doppler and Imaging39. Intraoperative Microvascular Doppler Sonography for Monitoring Vasospasm and Use of Topical Vasodilators During Intracranial Aneurysm Surgery40. Basilar Vasospasm Following Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: TCD and SPECT Correlation41. Comparison of Positron Emission Tomography Cerebral Perfusion With Transcranial Doppler in Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Patients With Neurological Deterioration42. Brain Perfusion Computed Tomography in Severe Symptomatic Vasospasm43. Vasospasm and Regional Brain Perfusion: Correlation between TCD and CT Perfusion Measurement44. Regional Cerebral Blood Flow Monitoring for the Diagnosis of Delayed Ischemia After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid HemorrhageSection VII. Clinical-Medical Aspects45. Sex and Clinical Cerebral Vasospasm in Yorkshire, UK46. Factors Influencing Vasospasm After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Prospective Observational Study in the North of England47. Grading Scale for Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Based on a Modification of the World Federation of Neurological Surgeons Scale48. Effect of Inotrope-Induced Blood Pressure Changes on Cerebral Perfusion in Patients With Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Positron Emission Tomography Study49. The Role of Isoprostane in Vasospasm After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Humans: Preliminary Experience50. S-100B and Neuron Specific Enolase as Predictors of Cerebral Vasospasm and Infarcts After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage51. The APACHE Score for Early Detection of Cerebral Vasospasm52. Sequential Changes in Oxyhemoglobin in Fluid Drained from SAH Patients Undergoing Cisternal Irrigation53. Sex and Racial Factors in the Outcome of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in MississippiSection VIII. Clinical-Medical Management54. Clinical Trial Dilemmas in Vasospasm55. Circulating Blood Volume After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage56. Cerebrovascular Effects of Hypertonic Saline in Poor Grade Patients with Subarachnoid Hemorrhage57. Panax Notoginseng Saponins for Prevention of Vasospasm and Delayed Ischemic Neurological Deficits After SAH: A Review58. Effect of Hydrocortisone on Excess Natriuresis in Patients with Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage59. Safety and Efficacy of the Different Components of Hemodynamic Therapy in Patients with Symptomatic VasospasmSection IX. Clinical-Surgery and Endovascular60. Symptomatic Vasospasm After Early Surgical and Endovascular Treatment of Ruptured Cerebral Aneurysms61. Endovascular Treatment for Cerebral Vasospasm62. CSF Drainage for Prevention and Reversal of Cerebral Vasospasm After Surgical Treatment of Intracranial Aneurysms63. Cerebral Vasospasm is Markedly Reduced by Lumbar Cerebrospinal Fluid Drainage64. Fenestration of the Lamina Terminalis Reduces Vasospasm After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage from Anterior Communicating Artery AneurysmsSection X. Clinical-Treatment65. Clinical Trial of Nicardipine Prolonged-Release Implants for Prevention of Vasospasm66. Transdermal Nitrogylcerin in Patients with Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Pilot Study67. Decision Analysis in the Treatment of Vasospasm After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage68. Effects of Fasudil Hydrochloride, a Protein Kinase Inhibitor, on Cerebral Vasospasm and Infarction69. Fasudil Hydrochloride for Vasospasm After Early Surgery for Good Grade Patients with Subarachnoid Hemorrhage70. Analysis of Patients With Cerebral Infarction Caused by Vasospasm After Intra-Arterial Administration of Fasudil Hydrochloride71. Therapeutic Strategies for Cerebral Vasospasm After SAH: Efficacy of a Combination of Intraventricular Urokinase and Intra-Arterial Fasudil72. Effects of Intrathecal Fibrinolytic Therapy on Clot Lysis and Development of Cerebral Vasospasm in Patients With Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Following Endovascular Therapy73. Intracisternal Thrombolysis With Tissue Plasminogen Activator for Severe Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage74. Prevention of Vasospasm by Cisternal Irrigation with Urokinase and Ascorbic Acid75. Prevention of Vasospasm: Surgical Procedures and Postoperative Management in Patients Undergoing Cisternal Irrigation76. Prevention of Symptomatic Vasospasm by Intermittent Cisternal Irrigation With Urokinase and Ascorbic Acid