A state-of-the-art review of the many cognitive, affective, and behavioral dysfunctions associated with movement disorders. These dysfunctions include depression, dementia, psychosis, sleep disorders arising from Parkinson's and Huntington's disease, Tourette's syndrome, as well as multiple system atrophy, progressive supranuclear palsy, corticobasal degeneration, and many other related disorders. The authors describe these behavioral syndromes and their neurophysiological and neuropathological substratum, as well as their diagnostic criteria and therapeutic guidelines. The cognitive and affective dysfunctions are spelled out in detail.

Includes supplementary material: sn.pub/extras

I. Introduction
Historical Issues in the Study of Behavioral Dysfunction in Movement Disorders
Christopher G. Goetz

II. Mental Processing in the Motor Structures of the Brain

Fundamental and Clinical Evidence for Basal Ganglia Influences on Cognition
Frank A. Middleton

Integrating Cognition and Motivation into the Basal Ganglia Pathways of Action
Suzanne N. Haber

Understanding Corticobasal Ganglia Networks as Part of a Habit Formation System
Ann M. Graybiel and Yasuo Kubota

The Role of the Cerebellum in Cognition and Emotion
Jeremy D. Schmahmann

III. Cognition in Movement Disorders

Assessing Cognition in Movement Disorders
Julie C. Stout and Jane S. Paulsen

Disorders of Intention in Parkinsonian Syndromes
Richard G. Brown

Cognitive Control in Frontostriatal Disorders
Francois Richer and Sylvain Chouinard

Disorders of Speech and Language in Parkinson's Disease
Henri Cohen

Distinctive Features of Apraxia in Corticobasal Degeneration and Other Neurological Illnesses
Ramón Leiguarda

Neuropsychological Deficits in Cerebellar Syndromes
Hermann Ackermann and Irene Daum

IV. Neurophysiology of Cognition in Movement Disorders

Induction and Reversal of Cognitive Deficits in a Primate Model of Huntington's Disease
Stéphane Palfi, Emmanuel Brouillet, Françoise Condé, and Philippe Hantraye

Induction and Reversal of Cognitive Deficits in a Primate Model of Parkinson's Disease
Jay S. Schneider

Catecholamines and Cognition: Bridging the Gap Between Animal Studies and Clinical Syndromes
Trevor W. Robbins, Harriet S. Crofts, Roshan Cools, and Angela C. Roberts

Nondopaminergic Influences on Cognition in Parkinson's Disease
Marc-André Bédard, Maxime Lévesque, Simon Lemay, and FrançoisPaquet

Cognitive Consequences of Neurosurgery for Parkinson's Disease
Jean A. Saint-Cyr

V. Dementia in Movement Disorders

The Clinical Spectrum of Dementia in Movement Disorders: An Overview
Andrew Kertesz

Neuropathological Distinctions and Similarities in Movement Disorders with Dementia
Kurt A. Jellinger

Homologies Between the Genetic Etiology and Pathogenesis of the Synucleinopathies and Tauopathies
John Hardy

Prevalence, Incidence, and Risk Factors for Dementia in Parkinson's Disease
Gilberto Levy and Karen Marder

Neuropsychiatric Co-Morbidity in Dementia With and Without Movement Disorders
Clive G. Ballard and Alan Thomas.

Neurotransmitter Correlates of Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Dementia with Lewy Bodies
Elaine K. Perry, Margaret A. Piggott, Mary Johnson, Clive G. Ballard, Ian G. McKeith, Robert Perry, and David Burn

Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors in the Treatment of Dementia in Parkinson's Disease
Amos D. Korczyn and Nir Giladi

VI. Neuropsychiatric Aspects of Movement Disorders

Mood Disorders and the Globus Pallidus
Edward C. Lauterbach

Cortical-Limbic-Striatal Dysfunction in Depression: Converging Findings in Basal Ganglia Diseases and Primary Affective Disorders
Taresa L. Stefurak and Helen S. Mayberg

Agitation and Apathy in Hyper- and Hypokinetic Movement Disorders
Irene Litvan and Jaime Kulisevsky

Diagnosis and Treatment of Depression in Parkinson's Disease
Vladimir S. Kosti¿c, Elka Stefanova, Nataþsa Dragaþsevi¿c, and Saþska Potrebi¿c

Diagnosis and Treatment of Hallucinations and Delusions in Parkinson's Disease
Dag Aarsland and Jan Petter Larsen

REM Sleep Behavior Disorder in Parkinson's Disease, Dementia with Lewy Bodies, and Multiple System Atrophy
Bradley F. Boeve, Michael H. Silber, Tanis J.