Our understanding of how the skeleton is remodeled and repaired has been enormously expanded in the past decade.

Part I: Skeletal Development:. 1. PTHrP and Skeletal Development: Henry Kronenberg. 2. Regulating Bone Growth with BMPs: Phoebe Leboy. 3. BMP and BMP Inhibitors in Bone: Vicki Rosen. 4. BMP Signaling and Skeletalogensis: Xu Cao. 5. Function of BMP and BMP Antagonist in Adult Bone: Etsuko Abe. 6. Dysregulation of the BMP4 Signaling Pathway in Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva: Frederick Kaplan. 7. Hypoxia, HIF-1 N and VHL in Chondrogenesis: Ernestina Schipani. 8. Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Synovial Joint and Articular Cartilage Formation: Maurizio Pacifici. 9. Multiple Roles of Hoxc8 in Skeletal Development: Aster Juan et al. Part II: Skeletal Remodeling:. 10. Osteoclasts and Integrins: Steven Teitelbaum. 11. Regulation of Osteoclast Differentiation: David Roodman. 12. Signaling in Osteoclast and their Precursors: Patrick Ross. 13. Canonical Wnt Signaling in Osteoblasts is Required for Osteoclast Differentiation: Gerard Karsenty. 14. Inhibition of ATF4 Transcriptional Activity by TIAT/ x-Taxilin Modulates Bone Mass: Rene St. Arnaud. 15. Paget's Disease of Bone and Genetic Disorders of RANK/OPG/RANK/NF- UB signaling: Michael Whyte. 16. The Regulation of Cathepsin K Gene Expression: Bruce Troen. 17. Direct and Indirect Estrogen Actions on Osteoblasts and Osteoclasts: Alberta Zallone. 18. Molecular Mechanism of the Life and Death of the Osteoclast: Sakae Tanaka. 19. Understanding Parathyroid Hormone Action: Nicola Partridge. 20. New Insights Into the Mechanisms Involved in The Pleiotropic Actions of 1,25dihydroxyvitamin D3: Sylvia Christakos. 21. Mechanisms of Vitamin D Receptor Action: Marie Demay. 22. Role of Connexin 43 in Osteoblast Response to Physical Load: Roberto Civitelli. 23. Interactive Effect of Interleukin-6 and Prostaglandin E2 on Osteoclastogenesis via the OPG/RANK-L/RANK System: Xin-Hua Liu. 24. Does TNF Have Anti-Osteoclastogenic Actions?: Jameel Iqbal. 25. Eosinophil Chemotactic Factor-L (ECF-L) Enhances Osteoclast Formation by Increasing ICAM-1 Expression: Garcia Palacios and David Roodman. Part III: Mechanisms Of Bone Loss:. 26. Bone Cell Precursors and the Pathophysiology of Bone Loss: Harry Blair and Jill Carrington. 27. Autosomal Dominant Pseudohypoparathyroidism Type 1b is Caused by Different Microdeletions Within or Upstream of the GNAS Locus: Harold Jueppner. 28. Estrogen Regulation of Immune Cells Bone Interactions: Roberto Pacifici. 29. Autoimmunity and Bone: Edward Schwarz. 30. Non-Steroid Immune Modulators and Bone Disease: Solomon Epstein. 31. Pathogenesis of Osteopenia/Osteoporosis Induced by Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy for AIDS: Jay McDonald. 32. Pituitary Hormones and Bone Loss: Mone Zaidi. 33. Bone Destruction in Multiple Myeloma: Toshio Matsumoto. 34. Osteogenic Regulation of Vascular Calcification: Dwight Towler. 35. The OPG/TRAIL Complex in an In Vitro Osteoclastogenesis Model Dervied From Human Multiple Myeloma Bone Disease: Maria Grano et al. 36. Restoration of Bone Mass in hpg Mouse by Preoptic Area Grafting: Gopalan Rajendren. 37. IL-7 Drives T Cell-Medicated Bone Loss Following Ovariectomy: Michaela Robbie-Ryan and M. Neale Weitzmann. Part IV: Restoring Skeletal Strength:. 38. Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering: Past, Present and Future: Julia Polak. 39. Bisphosphonates: From Bench to Bedside: Graham Russell. 40. Novel Targets and Therapeutics for Bone Loss: Ronald N. Margolis and Sunil J. Wimalawansa. 41. Advanced Imaging Assessment of Bone Quality: Harry Genant. 42. Bone Strength: Current Concepts: Charles Turner. 43. Anti-Catabolic Therapeutic Target in Bone Disease: Brendan Boyce. 44. Mechanisms Involved in Skeleton Anabolic Therapies: Jack Martin. 45. Misconceptions About Calcimimetics: Edward Nemeth. 46. Osteoblastic Activation in the Hematopoetic Stem Cell Niche: Laura Calvi. 47. Circulating Cells with Osteogenic Potential: Sundeep Khosla. 48. The Pericellular Matrix as a Transducer of Biomechanical Signals in Auricular Cartilage: Farshid Guilak. 49. Clinical Biophysics: The Promotion of Skeletal Repair by Physical Force: Roy Aaron. 50. COX-2 has a Critical Role During Incorporation of Structural Bone Allografts: Regis O'Keefe. 51. The Effect of Anti-TNF Therapy on Spinal Bone Mineral Density in Crohn's Disease: Michael Pazianas. 52. Bone Remodeling in Health and Disease: Lessons from Mathematical Modeling: Svetlana V Komarova. 53. Modeling of Serum C-Telopeptide Levels with Daily and Monthly Oral Ibandronate: Mone Zaidi. 54. NFATc1: A Novel Anabolic Therapeutic Target for Osteoporosis: Majd Zayzafoon. 55. Mechanical Loading Differentially Regulates Membrane Bound and Soluble RANKL Availability in MC3T3-E1 Cells: Dae Won Kim and Francis Y. Lee. Index of Contributors