Activities of intelligence agencies have recently moved into the focus of public critical review all over Europe. The publication of the Snowden documents revealed a surveillance practice of unimagined scope. Intelligence surveillance no longer focuses on state organisations or political decision-makers; technical innovation now allows mass surveillance of individual communication. In view of this development, the media and politicians have demanded legal limitations of such practices. This handbook takes into account the various facets of intelligence activities in Europe spanning from chapters on intelligence operations to intelligence cooperation within different policies in Europe, within the EU and without (eg NATO). This book is suitable for academic and practical purposes alike. Political, social and historical analyses are brought into context with the legal discourse.

This handbook takes into account the various facets of intelligence activities in Europe spanning from chapters on intelligence operations to intelligence cooperation within different policies in Europe, within the EU and without (eg NATO).

PART 1INTRODUCTIONChapter 1. Intelligence in Modern European History (Goodman/Ischebeck-Baum)Chapter 2. Means and Methods of Modern Intelligence and their wider implications (Omand)PART 2THE EUROPEAN INTELLIGENCE AGENDAChapter 1. The Fight against Organised Crime and its proliferation in the European Union (Allum/Gilmour)Chapter 2. The Role of European Intelligence in Countering Terrorism (de Kerchove/Höhn)Chapter 3. European Intelligence in Cyberspace (Tropina/von zur Mühlen)Chapter 4. Intelligence in EU-led military missions and operations (Rauwolf)Chapter 5. NATO Intellingence and Common Foreign and Security Policy (Masala/Scheffler Corvaja)PART 3EUROPEAN INTELLIGENCE COOPERATIONChapter 1. EU intelligence: On the road to a European Intelligence Agency? (Palacios)Chapter 2. The Merits of Informality: The European Transgovernmental Intelligence Network (Cross)Chapter 3. European Criminal Intelligence (Ryder)PART 4EUROPEAN INTELLIGENCE AND RULE OF LAWChapter 1. Intelligence and Human Rights (Schmahl)Chapter 2. National Security and EU law restraints on Intelligence Activities (Sule)Chapter 3. The problem of oversight (Cameron)Chapter 4. Effective Remedies against Intelligence Actions (Gajdosová)Chapter 5. Intelligence and Civil Society (Nyst/King)PART 5EUROPEAN INTELLIGENCE IN NATIONALLEGISLATION AND LEGAL PRAXISChapter 1. Intelligence Law in Germany (Dietrich)Chapter 2. Intelligence Law in France (Le Divelec)Chapter 3. Intelligence Law and Oversight in the UK (Leigh)