In Patel v Mirza [2016] UKSC 42, nine justices of the Supreme Court of England and Wales decided in favour of a restitutionary award in response to an unjust enrichment, despite the illegal transaction on which that enrichment was based. Whilst the result was reached unanimously, the reasoning could be said to have divided the Court. Lord Toulson, Lady Hale, Lord Kerr, Lord Wilson, Lord Hodge and Lord Neuberger favoured a discretionary approach, but their mode of reasoning was described as 'revolutionary' by Lord Sumption (at [261]), who outlined in contrast a more rule-based means of dealing with the issue; a method with which Lord Mance and Lord Clarke broadly agreed. The decision is detailed and complex, and its implications for several areas of the law are considerable. Significantly, the reliance principle from Tinsley v Milligan [1994] 1 AC 340 has been discarded, as has the rule in Parkinson v College of Ambulance Ltd [1925] KB 1. Patel v Mirza, therefore, can fairly be described as one of the most important judgments in general private law for a generation, and it can be expected to have ramifications for the application of the illegality doctrine across a wide range of disciplinary areas. Unless there is legislative intervention, which does not seem likely at the present time, Patel v Mirza is set to be of enduring significance.This collection will provide a crucial set of theoretical and practical perspectives on the illegality defence in English private law. All of the authors are well established in their respective fields. The timing of the book means that it will be unusually well placed as the 'go to' work on this subject, for legal practitioners and for scholars.

1. Introduction Alan Bogg and Sarah GreenPart I: General Perspectives on Illegality2. A New Dawn for the Law of Illegality Andrew Burrows3. The Law of Illegality: Identifying the Issues James Goudkamp4. Restitution or Confiscation/Forfeiture? Private Rights versus Public Values Robert Sullivan5. Not a Principle of Justice? Nicholas J McBride6. Illegality as a Rationing Rule Frederick Wilmot-Smith7. Illegality, Familiarity and the Law Commission James Lee Part II: Specific Perspectives on Illegality8. Illegality and Contractual Enforcement after Patel v Mirza Janet O'Sullivan9. Illegality and Zero Sum Torts Sarah Green10. Illegality and Unjust Enrichment Graham Virgo11. Ramifications of Patel v Mirza in the Law of Trusts Paul S Davies12. Illegality in Labour Law after Patel v Mirza: Retrenchment and Restraint Alan Bogg Part III: Comparative Perspectives on Illegality13. Whither Now Illegality and Statute: An Australian Perspective The Hon William Gummow AC14. Illegality and Canadian Private Law: Hall v Hebert's Legacy Mitchell McInnes15. The Impact of Illegality and Immorality on Contract and Restitution from a Civilian Angle Birke Häcker