The supplement market continues to grow annually with more than half of the population using these products for reasons spanning from health maintenance to disease prevention and/or treatment. This book presents clear and concise evidence on how dietary supplements contribute to maintaining optimal nutrition in humans. It provides information on personalized nutrition; nutrient gaps; benefits of multivitamins; and dietary effects of various sources including vitamins, enzymes, bioactives, flavonoids, and probiotics. Each chapter features practical, clinical guidelines on recommendations of supplements as well as when to discourage use of supplements.

Trends in Health Care and Non-Communicable Diseases: Clinical Trials and Tribulations with Vitamins Minerals and Supplements. Identifying Nutritional Gaps among Americans. Assessing the Potential Long-Term Effects of Multivitamin Supplements. Prenatal Supplementation and Its Effects on Early Childhood Cognitive Outcome. Dietary Supplements in Active Individuals and Athletes. Calcium and Vitamin D: Nutritional Role and the Benefits and Risks of Dietary Supplements in Health Promotion. Vitamin D Requirements during Pregnancy and Lactation: Lessons Learned and Unanswered Questions. Fiber Supplements and Clinically Meaningful Health Benefits: Identifying the Physiochemical Characteristics of Fiber that Drive Specific Physiologic Effects. Mechanisms of Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) in Neurodevelopment and Brain Protection. Vitamin E: Defining Status for Optimal Health. Iodine Nutrition Is Required for Thyroid Function and Neurodevelopment: Iodine Supplementation in Pregnancy. Possible Benefits of Lutein and Zeaxanthin for Visual Symptoms of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury. Flavonoid Supplementation and Cardiovascular Disease. Butterbur and Beyond: Dietary Supplements for Migraine Prevention. Probiotics-From Gut to Cognition. Treatment of the Common Cold with Zinc.