Fluorescence and Phosphorescence Spectroscopy: Physicochemical Principles and Practice deals with the physicochemical principles and applications of fluorescence and phosphorescence spectroscopy in experimental biology and chemistry. Topics covered include the absorption of light by molecules; instrumentation for the measurement of fluorescence and phosphorescence; solvent and acidity effects on electronic spectra; and polarization of fluorescence and phosphorescence.Comprised of four chapters, this book begins with a discussion on photophysical processes in isolated molecules and molecules in solution, paying particular attention to thermal equilibration of electronically excited molecules, phototautomerism, and coordination by metal ions. The next chapter describes the instrumentation for measuring fluorescence and phosphorescence, which consists essentially of a light source to electronically excite the sample; a monochromator to separate the light of desired energy from the source; a sample compartment; a second monochromator to isolate the sample's fluorescence energy from the excitation energy; a photodetector to translate the fluorescent light into an electrical signal; and a readout system such as a galvanometer or a recorder, coupled with an amplifier to determine the intensity of fluorescent light that is emitted. The final chapter is devoted to various applications of fluorescence and phosphorescence spectroscopy, including the analysis of organic and inorganic compounds.This monograph is written primarily for analytical chemists and biological scientists.

I. Photophysical Processes in Isolated Molecules Molecular Electronic Structure The Absorption of Light by Molecules Vibrational Relaxation and Internal Conversion - Thermal Equilibration of Electronically Excited Molecules Deactivation of the Thermally Equilibrated Lowest Excited Singlet StateII. Photophysical Processes in Molecules in Solution Solvent Effects on Electronic Spectra Acidity Effects on Electronic Spectra Phototautomerism Quenching of Molecular Luminescence Coordination by Metal Ions Concentration Effects Fluorescence and Phosphorescence of Nucleic Acids Polarization of Fluorescence and PhosphorescenceIII. Instrumentation Excitation Sources Wavelength Selectors Slits Sample Compartments Detectors Readout Systems Instrumental Distortion of Spectra Low Temperature Fluorescence Phosphorescence Measurements Sample Cells and Solvents for Phosphorimetry Measurement of Fluorescence Quantum Yields Measurement of Luminescence Lifetime Measurement of Concentration Time-Resolved Fluorometry Selective Modulation Fluorometry Microspectrofluorometry Table of Solvents for PhosphorimetryIV. Applications Organic Compounds Inorganic Substances Some Specialized Applications Table of Fluorimetric Methods for Organic Compounds Table of Phosphorimetric Methods for Organic Compounds Table of Fluorimetric Methods for Inorganic CompoundsIndex