In any business, the essential element for the successful use of data processing is training. This represents the largest expense both at start-up and as CAD impacts design office procedures other than drafting. Training is also the most difficult cost item to quantify. Even more than the equip­ ment, training - or retraining in the case of professionals in practice - is the key to increased productivity. Recommendations for specific programs of training are beyond the scope of this paper. Once staff has been retrained to work at higher levels of productivity with data processing equipment, they are more valuable. They will be more difficult to replace. Their new capabilities represent a significant invest­ ment in modernization, both to the individual design office and to the design profession as a whole. There is a shortage of qualified people with both professional and computer skills. Competition among employers for people with these skills already exists and will probably continue into the foreseeable future. At the outset of training, an employment agreement is worth consider­ ing for the well-being of all parties.

Impact of Computer-Aided Drafting on Design Office Management.- Design Considerations of the OMRAN System; a CAD-System for Construction Engineering in Micro-computer Environment.- Affordable CAD But is the £ 10,000 Workstation Capable ?.- CADCAM in the British Construction Industry.- Computer Synthesized Pictures for the Architect and in Scenography.- Education and Training in CAD.- Case Studies in Computer-Aided Visual Impact Analysis.- An Integrated Approach to the Use of Computers in Construction: The Nordic Effort.- Artificial Intelligence and Artificial Architecture.- Development of Advanced Construction Technology Systems utilizing Advanced Electronics.- Computer Aided Bridge Design.