The editors will address the questions of life history and reproduction by attempting to isolate the various components of reproductive success and fitness in baboons. This requires assembling research interests in morphology, behavior, ecology, and endocrinology of the five subspecies of Papio baboons. By synthesizing studies of reproduction, life history, growth, parenting, ecology, mate choice, and mating success, this volume will shed light on general features of life history traits and reproductive strategies that have made baboons successful. These findings have broad applications to understanding the evolution of complex life history adaptations, such as those characteristic of other primates, and humans in particular. Many of the top researchers on the field are contributing to this volume.

Perspectives on Reproduction and Life History in Baboons.- Perspectives on Reproduction and Life History in Baboons.- Reproductive Behavior and Mating Strategies.- Infant Mortality, Paternity Certainty, and Female Reproductive Strategies in Hamadryas Baboons.- Female Behavioral Strategies of Hybrid Baboons in the Awash National Park, Ethiopia.- Hybrid Baboons and the Origins of the Hamadryas Male Reproductive Strategy.- The Social and Ecological Flexibility of Guinea Baboons: Implications for Guinea Baboon Social Organization and Male Strategies.- Social Organization, Reproductive Systems, and Mediation of Baboon Endogenous Virus (BaEV) Copy Number in Gelada, Hamadryas, and Other Papio Baboons.- Life History, Development, and Parenting Strategies.- Reproduction, Mortality, and Female Reproductive Success in Chacma Baboons of the Okavango Delta, Botswana.- Maternal Characteristics and Offspring Growth in Chacma Baboons: A Life History Perspective.- Whose Life Is It Anyway? Maternal Investment, Developmental Trajectories, and Life History Strategies in Baboons.- Ontogeny, Life History, and Maternal Investment in Baboons.- Testicular Size, Developmental Trajectories, and Male Life History Strategies in Four Baboon Taxa.- The Evolutionary Past and the Research Future: Environmental Variation and Life History Flexibility in a Primate Lineage.