How competing visions of world order in the 1940s gave rise to the modern concept of globalismDuring and after the Second World War, public intellectuals in Britain and the United States grappled with concerns about the future of democracy, the prospects of liberty, and the decline of the imperial system. Without using the term "globalization," they identified a shift toward technological, economic, cultural, and political interconnectedness and developed a "globalist" ideology to reflect this new postwar reality. The Emergence of Globalism examines the competing visions of world order that shaped these debates and led to the development of globalism as a modern political concept.Shedding critical light on this neglected chapter in the history of political thought, Or Rosenboim describes how a transnational network of globalist thinkers emerged from the traumas of war and expatriation in the 1940s and how their ideas drew widely from political philosophy, geopolitics, economics, imperial thought, constitutional law, theology, and philosophy of science. She presents compelling portraits of Raymond Aron, Owen Lattimore, Lionel Robbins, Barbara Wootton, Friedrich Hayek, Lionel Curtis, Richard McKeon, Michael Polanyi, Lewis Mumford, Jacques Maritain, Reinhold Niebuhr, H. G. Wells, and others. Rosenboim shows how the globalist debate they embarked on sought to balance the tensions between a growing recognition of pluralism on the one hand and an appreciation of the unity of humankind on the other.An engaging look at the ideas that have shaped today's world, The Emergence of Globalism is a major work of intellectual history that is certain to fundamentally transform our understanding of the globalist ideal and its origins.

List of Maps ix1 Introduction: A New Global Order 1
Drawing the Contours of Globalism 6
The Mid-centuryDiscourse of Globalism 10
The Ideologues of Globalism 15
Outline of the Book 19
2 Reimagining the State in a Global Space 24
The Intellectual Worlds of Raymond Aron and David Mitrany 25
Critique of Ideology and Nationalism 29
The State and a New World Order 38
Europe, United and Divided 46
E. H. Carr and Political Order in the Global Age 51
3 Geopolitics and Regional Order 56
Owen Lattimore, Nicholas J. Spykman, and the Science of Geopolitics 57
Isaiah Bowman, Karl Haushofer, and Geopolitics in Transition 61
Lattimore and Spykman on Land, Sea, and Air Power 67
The Geopolitics of Scale 78
After Frederick Jackson Turner: The Frontier in International Relations 81
Tripolarity 86
The Geopolitics of Regional Democracy 92
Geopolitics and the Post-war Political Space 97
4 The End of Imperial Federalism? 100
Federal Union: Lobbying for a Democratic Federation 103
Lionel Curtis's Sermon on the Mount 107
Clarence Streit: 'We Need Union Now' 114
Frederick Lugard, Norman Bentwich, and the Boundaries of the Commonwealth 121
5 Federal Democracy for Welfare 130
Lionel Robbins and the Politics of Economic Federalism 132
Barbara Wootton's Democratic Plan for Freedom 142
Friedrich Hayek and the Challenge of Liberal Federalism 157
The Emancipatory Hope of Democratic Federalism 165
6 Writing a World Constitution: The Chicago Committee and the New World Order 168
Richard McKeon, Giuseppe Antonio Borgese, and the Establishment of the Chicago Committee 170
The Unity and Division of Sovereignty 177
The Problem of Representation 180
Decolonising the Non-West 185
Pluralism and Human Rights 189
The Preliminary Draft of a World Constitution 194
Hans Kelsen and the Critics of the Constitution 201
The Limits of Constitutionalism 205
7 Perceptions of Science and Global Order 209
World Government or World Destruction:
H. G. Wells Responds to the Crisis 212
Charles E. Merriam, Scientific Objectivity, and Political Judgment 216
Michael Polanyi and the Liberal Dynamic Order 223
Lewis Mumford's Remedy to Global Madness 234
A Turn to Faith 238
8 Catholicism, Pluralism , and Global Democracy 241
Luigi Sturzo, Jacques Maritain, and Democracy in Exile 244
Political Pluralism and the Challenge of Order 252
Maritain, Sturzo, and Aron Propose Federalism Against Machiavellianism 258
Global Democracy and Catholic Morality 263
Global 'Pluralism(s) of Fear' 268
9 Conclusion: The Genealogy of Globalism 272
The Public Role of Intellectuals 276
The Globalist Ideology and the Globalised Future 278
Acknowledgments 285
Bibliography 287
Index 325