This book explores the current difficulties with pharmaceutical patents in the post-TRIPS era and suggests how working with international organizations may improve access to affordable medicines in developing countries.

1. Introduction, PART I Foundation of Intellectual Property Laws, and IP in the Multilateral Trading System Introduction 2. A Jurisprudential Enquiry into the Justification of International IP Rights Protection, with Particular Reference to Pharmaceutical Patents, 3. Intellectual Property in the Multilateral Trading System: Forum Shifting, TRIPS Agreement, Doha Declaration and TRIPS Flexibilities, 4. Undermining TRIPS Flexibilities: FTAs, Bilateral Trade Agreements, EPAs, IIAs, TRIPS-Plus & Stoppage in Transit, PART II TRIPS & Developing Countries: Implementation, Knowledge Economy and IP Policy Making 5. BRAZIL: Ambitious Missions and an Early Implementation, 6. CHINA: The Uneasy Transition, 7. INDIA: The Transition from Process to Product Patent, 8. SOUTH AFRICA: Against All Odds, 9. KENYA: Can Generics Still Reach the Needy?, PART III TRIPS at What Cost? 10. TRIPS Agreement & the Future of Access to Affordable Medicines