Bringing together a range of experts across sociology, criminology, psychology, public health, sports science and law, this book analyses the trends and developments in research on human enhancement drugs to promote effective policy responses.

1. An introduction to human enhancement drugs Part I: Understanding the use of human enhancement drugs in society 2. More than unnatural masculinity: gendered and queer perspectives on human enhancement drugs 3. The anti-doping industry coming of age: in search of new markets 4. The social construction of human enhancement: implications for sports 5. Steroid madness: has the dark side of anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) been over-stated? 6. Licit forms of performance enhancement and possible links with IPED use: current knowledge and future directions Part II: Human enhancement drugs, harms and public health 7. Infections and risk among people who use image and performance enhancing drugs 8. "Objects in the mirror are larger than they appear": steroids and body image disorders 9. Estimated prevalence, effects and potential risks of substances used for cognitive enhancement 10. "Beauty through the eye of a needle": an online study of the practices and beliefs of people who inject performance and image enhancing drugs (PIEDs) 11. The use of sunless synthetic tanning products 12. The non-medical uses of prescription stimulants in the Australian context Part III: Illicit human enhancement drug markets and their suppliers 13. The (online) supply of illicit lifestyle medicines: a criminological study 14. A preliminary attempt to scope the market for doping products in Italy 15. Trust, risk and deceit in the illicit medicines market: an analysis of the on- and offline trust relations between sellers and buyers of illicit medicines 16. The open bar has closed: changes in the patterns of doping supply in elite cycling 17. The supply of Image and Performance Enhancing Drugs (IPED) to local non-elite users in England: resilient traditional and newly emergent methods Part IV: Responding to human enhancement drugs 18. Different users, different interventions: on the ideal typology of anabolic-androgenic steroid use and its implications for prevention, harm reduction and treatment 19. The war on anabolic-androgenic steroids: an examination of U.S. legislative and enforcement efforts 20. Preventing image and performance enhancement drug use: it's not all chalk and talk 21. How to respond to the increasing use of cognitive enhancers in academia? 22. One size does not fit all: tackling the issue of weight-loss drug use