This book presents insight into the design and practical results of obligations in different countries and their effects on municipal financial health, demonstrating the increasing importance of efficient bargaining processes and the institutional design of developer obligations in urban planning.

Introduction 1 Development obligations in Canada: the experience in four provinces 2 Developer obligations in the US 3 Developers' obligations as a land value capture tool: practice and lessons from Colombia 4 Charging building rights as non-negotiable developer obligations: the case of Brazil 5 The progressive acceptance of developer obligations in Chile, 1990-2017 6 Poland: ban on conditioning the land-use plan to developer obligations diminishes their effectiveness 7 The Netherlands: developer obligations towards cost recovery 8 The influence of politicization on the implementation of developer obligations in a federalist country: evidence from Switzerland 9 Developer obligations for public services: the Italian mix 10 Spain: developer obligations and land readjustment 11 Developers' obligations in Portugal: the imperfect equation for value capture 12 Use of Negotiable Developer Obligations (NDOs) in urban planning and land development systems in Turkey 13 Infrastructure contributions and negotiable developer obligations in China 14 A proposed framework of developer obligations to unleash land supply in Hong Kong: land readjustment 15 Value capture from development gains towards public utility: the case of Seoul, Republic of Korea 16 Developer obligations in relation to land value capture in Taiwan 17 Indonesian experience with non-negotiable and negotiable developer obligations: case study of Surabaya City 18 Developer obligations under the New South Wales, Australia, planning system Conclusions Index Institutions Cases