Early in these essays, Bromberg contemplates how one might engage schizoid detachment within an interpersonal perspective. To his surprise, he finds that the road to the patient's disavowed experiences most frequently passes through the analyst's internal conversation, as multiple configurations of self-other interaction, previously dissociated, are set loose first in the analyst and then played out in the interpersonal field. This insight leads to other discoveries. Beneath the dissociative structures seen in schizoid patients, and also in other personality disorders, Bromberg regularly finds traumatic experience -- even in patients not otherwise viewed as traumatized. This discovery allows interpersonal notions of psychic structure to emerge in a new light, as Bromberg arrives at the view that all severe character pathology masks dissociative defenses erected to ward off the internal experience of trauma and to keep the external world at bay to avoid retraumatization. These insights, in turn, open to a new understanding of dissociative processes as intrinsic to the therapeutic process per se. For Bromberg, it is the unanticipated eruption of the patient's relational world, with its push-pull impact on the analyst's effort to maintain a therapeutic stance, that makes possible the deepest and most therapeutically fruitful type of analytic experience. Bromberg's essays are delightfully unpredictable, as they strive to keep the reader continually abreast of how words can and cannot capture the subtle shifts in relatedness that characterize the clinical process. Indeed, at times Bromberg's writing seems vividly to recreate the alternating states of mind of the relational analyst at work. Stirringly evocative in character and radiating clinical wisdom infused with compassion and wit, Standing in the Spaces is a classic destined to be read and reread by analysts and therapists for decades to come.

Introduction. Part I: Views from the Bridge. Artist and Analyst. Interpersonal Psychoanalysis and Regression. Empathy, Anxiety, and Reality: A View from the Bridge. Getting Into Oneself and Out of One's Self: On Schizoid Processes. The Use of Detachment in Narcissistic and Borderline Conditions. Part II: Safety, Regression, and Trauma. The Mirror and the Mask: On Narcissism and Psychoanalytic Growth. On the Occurrence of the Isakower Phenomenon in a Schizoid Patient. The Difficult Patient or the Difficult Dyad? On Knowing One's Patient Inside Out: The Aesthetics of Unconscious Communication. Interpersonal Psychoanalysis and Self Psychology: A Clinical Comparison. Part III: Dissociation and Clinical Process. Shadow and Substance: A Relational Perspective on Clinical Process. Psychoanalysis, Dissociation, and Personality Organization. Resistance, Object Usage, and Human Relatedness. Hysteria, Dissociation, and Cure: Emmy von N Revisited. Part IV: Standing in the Spaces. "Speak! That I May See You": Some Reflections on Dissociation, Reality, and Psychoanalytic Listening. Standing in the Spaces: The Multiplicity of Self and the Psychoanalytic Relationship. Staying the Same While Changing: Reflections on Clinical Judgment. "Help! I'm Going Out of Your Mind!"