Why is the set of human beliefs and behaviours that we call "religion" such a widespread feature of all known human societies, past and present, and why are there so many forms of religiosity found throughout history and culture? "Mental Culture" brings together an international range of scholars to answer these questions

1. Introduction: Social Minds, Mental Cultures: Weaving Together Cognition and Culture in the Study of Religion, Dimitris Xygalatas and William W. McCorkle Jr. 2. Explanatory Pluralism and the Cognitive Science of Religion: Why Scholars in Religious Studies Should Stop Worrying about Reductionism, Robert McCauley 3. Early Cognitive Theorists of Religion: Robin Horton and his Predecessors, Stewart Guthrie 4. The Opium or the Aphrodisiac of the People? Darwinizing Marx on Religion, Jason slone 5. Immortality, Creation, and Regulation: Updating Durkheim's Theory of the Sacred, Harvey Whitehouse 6. Non-ordinary Powers: Charisma, Special Affordances, and the Study of Religion, Ann Taves 7. Malinowski's Magic and Skinner's Superstition: Reconciling Explanations of Magical Practicies, Konrad Talmont-Kaminski 8. Toward an Evolutionary Cognitive Science of Mental Cultures: Lessons from Freud, Joseph Bulbulia 9. Piaget on Moral Judgement: Towards a Reconciliation with Nativist and Socio-Cultural Approaches, Gordon Ingram 10. Building on William James: The Role of Learning in Religious Experience, Tanya M. Luhrmann 11. Explaining Religious Concepts: Levi-Strauss The Brilliant and Problematic Ancestor, Pascal Boyer 12. The Meaningful Brain: Clifford Geertz and the Cognitive Science of Culture, Armin W. Geertz 13. Cognitive Science and Religious Thought: The Case of Psychological Interiority in the Analects, Edward Slingerland 14. Conclusion: Moving Towards a New Science of Religion. Or, Have We Already Arrived? Luther H. Martin and Ilkka Pyysiainen