Beschreibung:
This book introduces four waves of upsurge in digital activism and cyberconflict. The rise of digital activism started in 1994, was transformed by the events of 9/11, culminated in 2011 with the Arab Spring uprisings, and entered a transformative phase of control and mainstreaming since 2013 with the Snowden affair.
Introduction: Four Phases of Digital Activism and Cyberconflict1. The Rise of Digital Activism (1994-2007)2. The Spread of Digital Activism (2007-2010)3. The Fourth Phase: 2010-2014 Digital Activism Invades Mainstream Politics4. The Future of Digital Activism and Its Study