This book is a comparative history that explores the social, cultural, and political formation of the modern nation through the construction of public schooling. It asks how modern school systems arose in a variety of different republics and non-republics across four continents during the long nineteenth century.

1. Introduction: Children, Citizens, and Promised Lands: Comparative History of Political Cultures and Schooling in the Long 19th Century Daniel Tröhler, Thomas S. Popkewitz and David F. Labaree Christian Souls, Enlightenment Ideals, and Pedagogical Forms 2. New Wine into Old Bottles: Luther's Table of Duties as a Vehicle of Changing Civic Virtues in 18th and 19th Century Sweden Daniel Lindmark 3. From Imaginations to Realities: The Transformation of Enlightenment Pedagogical Illusions of the Dutch Republic into Late 19th Century Realities of the Dutch Monarchy Jeroen J.H. Dekker 4. Republican Deliveries for the Modernization of Secondary Education in Portugal in the 19th Century: From Alexandre Herculano, Ramalho Ortigão and Bernardino Machado to Jaime Moniz Jorge Ramos do Ó 5. Republicanism and Education from Enlightenment to Liberalism: Discourses and Realities in the Education of the Citizen in Spain Antonio Viñao 6. Republicanism, National Identity and the Scottish Enlightenment David Hamilton Organizing Schooling as Rationalizing Moral Codes 7. Republicanism "Out-of-Place": Readings on the Circulation of Republicanism in Education in 19th-Century Argentina Inés Dussel 8. Classical Republicanism, Local Democracy, and Education: The Emergence of the Public School of the Republic of Zurich 1770-1870 Daniel Tröhler 9. Citizens and Consumers: Changing Visions of Virtue and Opportunity in U.S. Education, 1841-1954 David F. Labaree 10. France - Schools in Defense of Modern Democracy: Tradition and Change in French Educational Republicanism from Condorcet to Quinet and Ferry Fritz Osterwalder Curriculum, Science and the Fabrication of the Virtuous Citizen 11. From Virtue as the Pursuit of Happiness to Pursuing the Unvirtuous: Republicanism, Cosmopolitanism, and Reform Protestantism in American Progressive Education Thomas S. Popkewitz 12. Literacy, Nation, Schooling: Reading (in) Australia Bill Green and Phillip Cormack 13. Historia Magistra Civis: Citizenship Education and Notions of Republicanism in Dutch History Textbooks Around 1800 Willeke Los 14. The Masters of Republicanism? Teachers and Schools in Rural and Urban Zurich in the Eighteenth and the Long Nineteenth Century Andrea De Vincenti and Norbert Grube