This book provides a fundamental and practical introduction to radio frequency and microwave engineering and physical aspects of wireless communicationIn this book, the author addresses a wide range of radio-frequency and microwave topics with emphasis on physical aspects including EM and voltage waves, transmission lines, passive circuits, antennas, radio wave propagation. Up-to-date RF design tools like RF circuit simulation, EM simulation and computerized smith charts, are used in various examples to demonstrate how these methods can be applied effectively in RF engineering practice.Design rules and working examples illustrate the theoretical parts. The examples are close to real world problems, so the reader can directly transfer the methods within the context of their own work. At the end of each chapter a list of problems is given in order to deepen the reader's understanding of the chapter material and practice the new competences. Solutions are available on the author's website.Key Features:* Presents a wide range of RF topics with emphasis on physical aspects e.g. EM and voltage waves, transmission lines, passive circuits, antennas* Uses various examples of modern RF tools that show how the methods can be applied productively in RF engineering practice* Incorporates various design examples using circuit and electromagnetic (EM) simulation software* Discusses the propagation of waves: their representation, their effects, and their utilization in passive circuits and antenna structures* Provides a list of problems at the end of each chapter* Includes an accompanying website containing solutions to the problems (http:\fh-dortmund.degustrau_rf_textbook)This will be an invaluable textbook for bachelor and masters students on electrical engineering courses (microwave engineering, basic circuit theory and electromagnetic fields, wireless communications). Early-stage RF practitioners, engineers (e.g. application engineer) working in this area will also find this book of interest.

PrefaceList of AbbreviationsList of Symbols1 Introduction1.1 Radiofrequency and Microwave Applications1.2 Frequency Bands1.3 Physical Phenomena in the High Frequency Domain1.3.1 Electrically Short Transmission Line1.3.2 Transmission Line with Length Greater than One-Tenth of Wavelength1.3.3 Radiation and Antennas1.4 Outline of the Following ChaptersReferencesFurther Reading2 Electromagnetic Fields and Waves2.1 Electric and Magnetic Fields2.1.1 Electrostatic Fields2.1.2 Steady Electric Current and Magnetic Fields2.1.3 Differential Vector Operations2.2 Maxwell's Equations2.2.1 Differential Form in the Time Domain2.2.2 Differential Form for Harmonic Time Dependence2.2.3 Integral Form2.2.4 Constitutive Relations and Material Properties2.2.5 Interface Conditions2.3 Classification of Electromagnetic Problems2.3.1 Static Fields2.3.2 Quasi-static Fields2.3.3 Coupled Electromagnetic Fields2.4 Skin Effect2.5 Electromagnetic Waves2.5.1 Wave Equation and Plane Waves2.5.2 Polarization of Waves2.5.3 Reflection and Refraction2.5.4 Spherical Waves2.6 Summary2.7 ProblemsReferencesFurther Reading3 Transmission Line Theory and Transient Signals on Lines3.1 Transmission Line Theory3.1.1 Equivalent Circuit of a Line Segment3.1.2 Telegrapher's Equation3.1.3 Voltage and Current Waves on Transmission Lines3.1.4 Load-Terminated Transmission Line3.1.5 Input Impedance3.1.6 Loss-less Transmission Lines3.1.7 Low Loss Transmission Lines3.1.8 Transmission Line with Different Terminations3.1.9 Impedance Transformation with Loss-less Lines3.1.10 Reflection Coefficient3.1.11 Smith Chart3.2 Transient Signals on Transmission Lines3.2.1 Step Function3.2.2 Rectangular Function3.3 Eye Diagram3.4 Summary3.5 ProblemsReferencesFurther Reading4 Transmission Lines and Waveguides4.1 Overview4.2 Coaxial Line4.2.1 Specific Inductance and Characteristic Impedance4.2.2 Attenuation of Low Loss Transmission Lines4.2.3 Technical Frequency Range4.2.4 Areas of Application4.3 Microstrip Line4.3.1 Characteristic Impedance and Effective Permittivity4.3.2 Dispersion and Technical Frequency Range4.3.3 Areas of Application4.4 Stripline4.4.1 Characteristic Impedance4.4.2 Technical Frequency Range4.5 Coplanar Line4.5.1 Characteristic Impedance and Effective Permittivity4.5.2 Coplanar Waveguide over Ground4.5.3 Coplanar Waveguides and Air Bridges4.5.4 Technical Frequency Range4.5.5 Areas of Application4.6 Rectangular Waveguide4.6.1 Electromagnetic Waves between Electric Side Walls4.6.2 Dominant Mode (TE10)4.6.3 Higher Order Modes4.6.4 Areas of Application4.6.5 Excitation of Waveguide Modes4.6.6 Cavity Resonators4.7 Circular Waveguide4.8 Two-Wire Line4.8.1 Characteristic Impedance4.8.2 Areas of Application4.9 Three-Conductor Transmission Line4.9.1 Even and Odd Modes4.9.2 Characteristic Impedances and Propagation Constants4.9.3 Line Termination for Even and Odd Modes4.10 ProblemsReferences5 Scattering Parameters5.1 Multi-Port Network Representations5.2 Normalized Power Waves5.3 Scattering Parameters and Power5.4 S-Parameter Representation of Network Properties5.4.1 Matching5.4.2 Complex Conjugate Matching5.4.3 Reciprocity5.4.4 Symmetry5.4.5 Passive and Loss-less Circuits5.4.6 Unilateral Circuits5.4.7 Specific Characteristic of Three-Port Networks5.5 Calculation of S-Parameters5.5.1 Reflection Coefficients5.5.2 Transmission Coefficients5.5.3 Renormalization5.6 Signal Flow Method5.7 S-Parameter Measurement5.8 ProblemsReferencesFurther Reading6 RF Components and Circuits6.1 Equivalent Circuits of Concentrated Passive Components6.1.1 Resistor6.1.2 Capacitor6.1.3 Inductor6.2 Transmission Line Resonator6.2.1 Half-Wave Resonator6.2.2 Quarter-Wave Resonator6.3 Impedance Matching6.3.1 LC-Networks6.3.2 Matching Using Distributed Elements6.4 Filter6.4.1 Classical LC-Filter Design6.4.2 Butterworth Filter6.5 Transmission Line Filter6.5.1 Edge-Coupled Line Filters6.5.2 Hairpin Filter6.5.3 Stepped Impedance Filter6.5.4 Parasitic Box Resonance6.5.5 Waveguide Filter6.6 Circulator6.7 Power Divider6.7.1 Wilkinson Power Divider6.7.2 Unequal Split Power Divider6.8 Branchline Coupler6.8.1 Conventional 3 dB Coupler6.8.2 Unequal Split Branchline Coupler6.9 Rat Race Coupler6.10 Directional Coupler6.11 Balanced to Unbalanced Circuits6.12 Electronic Circuits6.12.1 Mixers 2386.12.2 Amplifiers and Oscillators6.13 RF Design Software6.13.1 RF Circuit Simulators6.13.2 Three-Dimensional Electromagnetic Simulators6.14 ProblemsReferencesFurther Reading7 Antennas7.1 Fundamental Parameters7.1.1 Nearfield and Farfield7.1.2 Isotropic Radiator7.1.3 Radiation Pattern and Related Parameters7.1.4 Impedance Matching and Bandwidth7.2 Standard Types of Antennas7.3 Mathematical Treatment of the Hertzian Dipole7.4 Wire Antennas7.4.1 Half-Wave Dipole7.4.2 Monopole7.4.3 Concepts for Reducing Antenna Height7.5 Planar Antennas7.5.1 Rectangular Patch Antenna7.5.2 Circularly Polarizing Patch Antennas7.5.3 Planar Dipole and Inverted-F Antenna7.6 Antenna Arrays7.6.1 Single Element Radiation Pattern and Array Factor7.6.2 Phased Array Antennas7.6.3 Beam Forming7.7 Modern Antenna Concepts7.8 ProblemsReferencesFurther Reading8 Radio Wave Propagation8.1 Propagation Mechanisms8.2 Basic Propagation Models8.2.1 Free Space Loss8.2.2 Attenuation of Air8.2.3 Plane Earth Loss8.2.4 Point-to-Point Radio Links8.2.5 Layered Media8.3 Path Loss Models8.3.1 Multipath Environment8.3.2 Clutter Factor Model8.3.3 Okumura-Hata Model8.3.4 Physical Models and Numerical Methods8.4 ProblemsReferencesFurther ReadingAppendix AA.1 Coordinate SystemsA.1.1 Cartesian Coordinate SystemA.1.2 Cylindrical Coordinate SystemA.1.3 Spherical Coordinate SystemA.2 Logarithmic RepresentationA.2.1 Dimensionless QuantitiesA.2.2 Relative and Absolute RatiosA.2.3 Link Budget