Provides the first comprehensive overview by world-renowned experts of what we know today of medieval Jews' engagement with the sciences.

Introduction Gad Freudenthal; Part I. The Greek-Arabic Scientific Tradition, Its Appropriation, Adaptation, and Development in Medieval Jewish Cultures, East and West: 1. The assimilation of Greek-Arabic learning by medieval Jewish cultures: a brief bibliographic introduction Gad Freudenthal; 2. Medieval Hebrew translations of philosophical and scientific texts: a chronological table Mauro Zonta; 3. Arabic and Latin cultures as resources for the Hebrew translation movement: comparative considerations, both quantitative and qualitative Gad Freudenthal; 4. The medieval Hebrew scientific book: production, circulation Malachi Beit-Arié; Part II. Individual Sciences as Studied and Practised by Medieval Jews: 5. Logic: its roles in the curriculum and as the organon of science Charles H. Manekin; 6. Astronomy among medieval Jews Bernard R. Goldstein; 7. Interactions between Jewish and Christian astronomers in the Iberian peninsula José Chabás; 8. Hebrew mathematics and Jewish culture in the Middle Ages Tony Lévy; 9. Mathematical and physical optics in medieval Jewish scientific thought Eyah Meiron; 10. The evolution of the genre of philosophical-scientific commentary: Hebrew supercommentaries on Aristotle's Physics Ruth Glasner; 11. Latin scholastic influences on late-medieval Hebrew physics: the state of the art Mauro Zonta; 12. Meteorology and zoology in medieval Hebrew science Resianne Fontaine; 13. The mental faculties and the psychology of sleep and dreams Hagar Kahana-Smilansky; 14. Toward a history of astrological literature in Hebrew: a bibliographical survey Reimund Leicht; 15. Astrology among medieval Jews Shlomo Sela; 16. Astral magic in medieval Hebrew thought Dov Schwartz; 17. Medicine among medieval Jews; the science, the art, and the practice Carmen Caballero-Navas; 18. Medieval alchemy in Hebrew: a noted absence Gad Freudenthal; 19. The science of language in medieval Jewish thought Judith Olszowy-Schlanger; Part III. Scientific Knowledge in Context: 20. Science in the Karaite communities Daniel Lasker; 21. Science in the Jewish communities of the Byzantine cultural orbit: new perspectives Y. Tzvi Langermann; 22. Science in medieval commentaries on the Bible James T. Robinson; 23. Scientific elements in Kabbalah Hava Tirosh-Samuelson; 24. History, language and the sciences in medieval Spain Eleazar Gutwirth.