The central nervous system is a fascinating anatomical specimen. The brain and spinal cord, and all related nervous tissue, are such delicate and critical structures that truly make us who we are as functioning human beings. Infection of the central and peripheral nervous systems are quite complex. There are a wide variety of infectious disease states that afflict this area and we have attempted to describe and teach many of these disease states in this textbook. We have written this textbook in the form of clinical vignettes of real-life patient cases that we have each taken care of during our training. We have learned so much from these patients and we wanted to share this teaching with the rest of the world. We hope that this textbook can enlighten readers of all specialties and fields about infectious diseases of the central nervous system and methods of diagnosis and management of these neurosurgically and neurologically impaired patients. Please enjoy!