This volume covers recent advanced battery systems such as Metal-Ion, Hybrid and Metal-Air Batteries under three sections. It includes introduction fluoride, potassium, zinc, chloride, aluminium, and iron ion batteries. Special or hybrid batteries included with calcium, nuclear, thermal, and lithium-magnesium hybrid batteries are explained.

Chapter 1. Chloride Ion Batteries. Chapter 2. Potassium-ion batteries: Recent Trends and Challenges. Chapter 3. Zinc-ion Batteries: Materials to Mechanism of Energy Storage. Chapter 4. Recent Advances and Trends in Al-ion Batteries. Chapter 5. Characterization of Electrochemical Behaviour of All Iron-Ion Batteries for Grid Scale Applications. Chapter 6. Calcium Ion Batteries. Chapter 7. Nuclear Batteries: An Overview. Chapter 8. Magnesium - Lithium Hybrid Batteries. Chapter 9. Metal-air Batteries: Future of Hybrid or Electric Vehicles (HEV or EV). Chapter 10. Lithium-Air Batteries: Batteries for Emerging Electric or Hybrid Electric Vehicles (EV or HEV), a focus into general aspects and electrolyte engineering. Chapter 11. Lithium-air batteries: State of the art developments in anode, cathode and electrocatalyst. Chapter 12. Emerging Magnesium-Air Battery Technology: Electrolyte and Anodic Materials. Chapter 13. Emerging Magnesium-Air Battery Technology: Cathodic Materials. Chapter 14. Advancements in Sodium-Air Batteries: General Electrochemical Mechanisms and Advances. Chapter 15. Emerging Sodium-Air Batteries: State of the art in Anode stabilization. Chapter 16. Advancements in Air cathodes in Sodium-Air Batteries: Cathode Materials. Chapter 17. State of the art in electrolyte engineering and separator modifications for Sodium-Air Batteries. Chapter 18. Rechargeable Zn-air Battery: Current challenges and opportunities. Chapter 19. Emerging Cost-efficient Aluminium-Air Battery Technology-Anode Materials. Chapter 20. Emerging Cost-efficient Aluminium-Air Battery Technology: Cathode Materials. Chapter 21. Emerging Cost-efficient Aluminium-Air Battery Technology: Electrolyte Materials