Cyberattacks are nothing particularly new to the world and Ukraine had suffered many such attacks by Russia over recent years. Russia had knowingly been exploiting Ukraine's digital vulnerabilities as a proving ground for nearly a decade. Malware such as Sandworm and BlackEnergy had caused untold damage to the Ukrainian population and government previously, which allowed Russia to perfect cyberattacks for further, more global events. Russia had been planting cyber sleeper digital cells for years, especially in the US and the UK.

Preface. Author. Part I History. Chapter 1 The History of War and Cyber Warfare. Chapter 2 The History of Cybersecurity. Part II Technology. Chapter 3 Domain Name System (DNS) Attacks. Chapter 4 Content Delivery Networks (CDNs). Chapter 5 Cloud Computing: A Gamble? Chapter 6 OSINT: Open-Source Intelligence. Chapter 7 Digital Perimeter Defences. Part III Examples of Previous Attacks and Insecurities. Chapter 8 US Government Security Failings. Chapter 9 UK Government Security Failings. Chapter 10 Okta Cyberattack: More Basic Security Failures. Chapter 11 Stuxnet. Chapter 12 Lloyds: Shortfall of Knowledge. Part IV The Ukraine Cyberwar. Chapter 13 Why Has Russia Invaded Ukraine? Chapter 14 Sanctions on Russia Following the War in Ukraine. Chapter 15 Eight Years of Cyberattacks on Ukraine. Chapter 16 Russian Allies and Enemies. Chapter 17 Digital Defences Down. Chapter 18 Ukraine Report: Ukraine Cyberwar Using Insecure Websites to Take Over Control. Chapter 19 Microsoft: There Is Something Rotten in Redmond. Chapter 20 Perimeter Defence Theory in Context: Ukraine. Chapter 21 Cyberattacks against Russia. Chapter 22 Global Security Errors. CONCLUSION. AFTERWORD. INDEX.