The history of monastic institutions in the Middle Ages may at first appear remarkably uniform and predictable. Medieval commentators and modern scholars have observed how monasteries of the tenth to early twelfth centuries experienced long periods of stasis alternating with bursts of rapid development known as reforms. Charismatic leaders by sheer force of will, and by assiduously recruiting the support of the ecclesiastical and lay elites, pushed monasticism forward toward reform, remediating the inevitable decline of discipline and government in these institutions. A lack of concrete information on what happened at individual monasteries is not regarded as a significant problem, as long as there is the possibility to reconstruct the reformers' ''program.'' While this general picture makes for a compelling narrative, it doesn't necessarily hold up when one looks closely at the history of specific institutions.

Introduction1. Corporate Memories of Reform2. The "Failed" Reforms of the Tenth Century3. The "Dark Age" of Flemish Monasticism4. Introducing the New Monasticism5. Processes of Reformist Government6. Shaping Reformed Identities7. The "Waning" of Reformed MonasticismConclusionAppendix A: Overview of the Leadership of Benedictine Monasteries in Flanders Reformed in the Tenth and Early Eleventh Centuries between c. 900 and c. 1120Appendix B: Booklist of the Abbey of Marchiennes, c. 1025-1050BibliographyIndex