AUTHOR-APPROVED BLURB Edinburgh Critical Studies in Renaissance Culture Series Editor: Lorna Hutson These original interpretations of Renaissance culture focus on literary texts in English and in a range of vernacular languages. They also deal with the reception and transformation of the Greco-Roman literary, political and intellectual heritage. 'John D. Lyons' new take on the issue of chance, supported by illuminating interpretations of major 17th-century French texts, invites the reader to rethink the enigmatic links between randomness and necessity. Beautifully written, powerfully argued, The Phantom of Chance is a major contribution to the intellectual and literary history of modern times.' Thomas Pavel, University of Chicago 'John D. Lyons brilliantly shows how, in both literary and religious writing of the Seventeenth Century, the quest for pattern has to come to terms with the apparently irreducible element of randomness in human life. Original in conception, broad in perspective, subtle in analysis, this is a remarkable book.' Michael Moriarty, Drapers Professor of French, University of Cambridge Examines the shift from classical and medieval conceptions of Fortune to modern notions of chance In spite of groundbreaking work by historians of science on the emergence of mathematical probability in the Renaissance period, chance has not been much studied in relation to the literary field. The new vigour assumed by chance in the late Renaissance appears in works that explain the perception of fortuitous events as projections of human desire and fear onto the world. In focusing on this understanding of chance as a subjective phenomenon, The Phantom of Chance is the first study to explore its aesthetic and ethical dimensions, by contrast with works centred on mathematical probability and gambling. A re-examination of the work of major authors shows how they represented a world that is both random and yet meaningful. John D. Lyons is Commonwealth Profe

Preface: The Phantom of Chance; Starting in the middle of things; The end of fortune and the rise of chance; Acknowledgements; Series Editor's Foreword; Introduction; The tradition of chance; Aristotle and the third type of event; Fortuna and casus; Boethius and the wheel of fortune; Machiavelli and the dissolution of fortune; Montaigne and the sceptical challenge; 1. Fortune, Mistress of Events: Corneille and the Poetics of Tragedy; Chance as cornerstone of poetics; Clitandre, and the poetics of gratuity; Le Cid and the management of chance; Miracles in everyday life; 2. God in a World of Chance: Pascal's Pensees and Lettres provinciales; The Random human condition; From probability to frequency in the Provinciales; The coming of the Messiah was not an effect of chance; When the game is over; 3. From Chance Events to Improbable Actions: Lafayette and the Novel; The shipwreck of romance; Everyday encounters; Silent Chance; 4. The God of Suspense: Bossuet's providential history and Racine's Athalie; God's anamorphic history; Racine's tragedy of errors; 5. An Accidental World: La Bruyere's Caracteres; The Heart; Occasion; Love; Machines; Fashion; Index.