Incapacitating Biochemical Weapons comprehensively examines the scientific, military, legal, political, and social issues raised by the pursuit of such weapons, issues that urgently require the attention of scientists, military and civilian practitioners and policy makers, and broader civil society.

Chapter 1 1. Introduction Chapter 2 2. Nonconsensual Manipulation of Human Physiology Using Biochemicals Chapter 3 3. Drug Development in the Twenty First Century and the Role of New Biotechnologies Chapter 4 4. Historical Military Interest in Low-lethality Biochemical Agents: Avoiding and Augmenting Lethal Force Chapter 5 5. Late and Post-Cold War Research and Development of Incapacitating Biochemical Weapons Chapter 6 6. Current and Prospective Military and Law Enforcement Use of Chemical Agents for Incapacitation Chapter 7 7. Scientific Outlook for the Development of Incapacitants Chapter 8 8. Potential Long-term Physiological Consequences of Exposure to Incapacitating Biochemicals Chapter 9 9. Incapacitating Chemical and Biochemical Weapons and Law Enforcement Under the Chemical Weapons Convention Chapter 10 10. Toxic Chemicals for Law Enforcement Including Domestic Riot Control Purposes Under the Chemical Weapons Convention Chapter 11 11. Incapacitating Biochemicals and the Biological Weapons Convention Chapter 12 12. Incapacitating Biochemical Weapons: Risks and Uncertainties Chapter 13 13. International Law and the Regulation of Weapons Chapter 14 14. Human Rights Law and the Use of Incapacitating Biochemical Weapons Chapter 15 15. Protecting and Reinforcing Humanitarian Norms: The Way Forward Chapter 16 16. Conclusion and Recommendations