Managing migration promises to be one of the most difficult challenges of the twenty-first century. It will be even more difficult for south European countries, from which emigration has levelled off and to which immigration has become a significant economic issue. Southern Europe is close to other regions where the pressure to emigrate is intense: these regions have a high level of unemployment, above the European Union average, and a large informal sector, often 15–25 per cent of their economies as a whole. This book analyses the southern European migration case using an economic approach. It combines a theoretical and an empirical approach on the fundamental migration issues - the decision to migrate, effects on the country of departure and country of destination, and the effectiveness of policies in managing migration. It also explores the transformation due to migration of southern European countries in the 1980s and 1990s.

List of figures and tables; Acknowledgements; Introduction; Part I. The Evolution of Migration in Southern European Countries: 1. The evolution of migration; 2. Approaches to the analysis of migratory phenomena; Part II. The Choice to Migrate: 3. An overview of the economic models; 4. Comments on an empirical version of the economic model; 5. The gravitational approach to migration; 6. The sociological approach to the migratory chain; 7. The evolution of migratory flows; 8. Empirical tests; 9. Final conclusions and implications for the flows of immigrants today; Part III. The Effects of Immigration on the Receiving Country: 10. An overview of models by main themes; 11. Complementarity and substitution: empirical evidence; 12. Conclusions; Part IV. The Effects of Emigration on the Country of Origin: 13. Emigration and growth; 14. Population and the labour market; 15. Emigrants' remittances; Part V. The Effectiveness of Migration Policies: 16. Immigration policy in its strictest sense; 17. Citizenship and naturalization; 18. Integration policies: linguistic proficiency: 19. Conclusions; References; Index.