Mark Twain among the Indians and Other Indigenous Peoples is the first book-length study of the writer's evolving views regarding the aboriginal inhabitants of North America and the Southern Hemisphere, and his deeply conflicted representations of them in fiction, newspaper sketches, and speeches. Using a wide range of archival materials-including previously unexamined marginalia in books from Clemens's personal library-Driscoll charts the development of the writer's ethnocentric attitudes about Indians and savagery in relation to the various geographic and social milieus of communities he inhabited at key periods in his life, from antebellum Hannibal, Missouri, and the Sierra Nevada mining camps of the 1860s to the progressive urban enclave of Hartford's Nook Farm. The book also examines the impact of Clemens's 1895-96 world lecture tour, when he traveled to Australia and New Zealand and learned firsthand about the dispossession and mistreatment of native peoples under British colonial rule. This groundbreaking work of cultural studies offers fresh readings of canonical texts such as The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court, Roughing It, and Following the Equator, as well as a number of Twain's shorter works.

List of Illustrations ix Acknowledgments xi Abbreviations xv Introduction 1 1. The Romance and Terror of Indians 14 2. Blind in Nevada: Early Perceptions of Indians in the West 53 3. Indians Imagined, 1862-72 93 4. The Roots of Racial Animus in "The Noble Red Man" 144 5. "How Much Higher and Finer Is The Indian's God" 185 6. The Curious Tale of the Connecticut Indian Association 228 7. Indigenes Abroad: The Unseen Aboriginals of Australia 268 8. The Maori: "A Superior Breed of Savages" 309 Conclusion 349 Notes 371 Bibliography 405