This comprehensive Handbook gives an overview of the political, social, economic and legal dimensions of citizenship in the Middle East and North Africa from the nineteenth century to the present.

Foreword Nils A. Butenschøn Introduction Roel Meijer, James N. Sater and Zahra R. Babar SECTION 1. EMERGENCE OF MODERN CITIZENSHIP 1. Peace to those of Faith: Political Affiliation and Belonging in Classical Islamic Thought Omar Farahat 2. The Ottoman Citizen between Millet and Nation Bruce Masters 3. Citizenship and Nationality in the French Colonial Maghreb Jessica M. Marglin 4. Revolutionary Citizenship at the End of Empire Michelle U. Campos 5. Colonial citizenship? Producing Sectarianism in the Interwar Middle East Laura Robson 6. Citizenship and the Transition from Colonial to Authoritarian Pacts Roel Meijer SECTION 2. FORMATION OF CITIZENSHIP FROM ABOVE 7. Between Claims, Residence and Recognition: the Conceptual Unity of Jinsiyyah and Muwatanah Paul M. Esber 8. Muwatana, Exclusion and Politics of Belonging in Modernizing Monarchies: the Cases of Kuwait and Morocco/Western Sahara James N. Sater 9. Constitutions and Citizens: Rights in Law and Practice in Jordan and the Arab World Lillian Frost and Nathan J. Brown 10. The Egyptian Middle Class and the Nasserist Social Contract Relli Shechter 11. The Islamic Republic and Citizenship in Post-1979 Iran Shirin Saeidi 12. The Islamic State's Construction of Citizenship Mathilde Becker Aarseth SECTION 3. SOCIAL MOVEMENTS AND FORMATION OF CITIZENSHIP FROM BELOW 13. The Communist Movement and Citizenship in Arab Countries Manfred Sing 14. New Islamist Movements and Concepts of Citizenship Emin Poljarevic 15. Striking for Rights? Workers' Political Agency and Revolutionary Crisis in the Middle East Anne Alexander 16. The Politics of the Poor in the Middle East and North Africa: Between Contestation and Accommodation Cilja Harders 17. Human Rights Movements and the Promotion of Citizenship in MENA Fateh Azzam 18. The Ambiguity of Citizenship and the Quest for Rights in Morocco Driss Maghraoui SECTION 4. MECHANISM OF INCLUSION AND EXCLUSION 19. Domestication or Transformation? Modern Amazigh Identity in the Shadow of the Authoritarian State Bruce Maddy-Weitzman 20. The Struggle for Kurdish Citizenship Michael M. Gunter 21. Supremacy Unleashed: the Ongoing Erosion of Palestinian Citizenship in Israel Shira Robinson 22. Patriarchal Nationality Laws and Female Citizenship in the Middle East Rania Maktabi 23. Why his Photograph Was not Taken: Reconsidering Membership in Lebanon Nadia Sonneveld and Joseph Alagha 24. Trafficking in (non)-Citizenship in Kuwait and the UAE Zahra Albarazi and Yuona Kusmova 25. The Christians of the Middle East: from Arab Christians to Marginalized Minorities Heleen Murre-van den Berg 26. Citizenship and Political Participation in Post-Qaddafi Libya: The Long and Winding Road to a New Social Contract Suliman Ibrahim SECTION 5. MIGRATION AND REGULATION OF CITIZENSHIP AND NATIONALITY 27. Political Participation and the Middle East Migration State Gerasimos Tsourapos 28. Economic Migrants and Citizenship in the GCC Zahra R. Babar 29. The Middle East and North Africa and the Global Trend towards Multiple Citizenship Claire Beaugrand 30. Migration and Citizenship in Modern Turkey Rusen Yasar 31. Subjecthood and Citizenship in the Diaspora: Libyan and Syrian Voice before and after the Arab Spring Dana M. Moss 32. Tunisian Migration to the EU: A Tale of Asymmetry Françoise De Bel Air